May 1957 - Linus Pauling Day-by-Day

< May 1957 >

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May

A set of effective metallic radii for use in compounds with the ß-wolfram structure. Acta Crystallogr. 10 (May 1957): 374-375. [Filed under LP Publications: 1957p.4]
Blank Book with list of Petition Signers. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World), Box #5.001, Folder #1.4]
Handwritten note from Ruth Tolman to LP, RE: Thanks LP for the address he gave earlier that day and expresses that she felt touched by the things he said about Richard and herself. Says that Richard would be happy about the fine things that have come LP's way. Handwritten note on top by LP says "Ans'd." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (T: Individual Correspondence. (Thant - Toole)), Box #407, Folder #407.7]
Note from LP to Professor Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Collège de France RE: Supports a statement against bomb testing. Suggests changes to certain parts of the statement. States he would only give permission to add his name if the changes are made. [Letter from Professor Joliot-Curie to LP April 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Joliot-Curie, Frédéric, 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958), #190.3]
Program: Eliot Honors Day Assembly, Washington University, May 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.32]

May 1 (Chicago, IL; transit to Washington, D.C.)

Airline ticket: United Airlines, Chicago to Washington DC [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Hotel receipt: The Shoreham, Washington DC [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary [handwritten]: Bethesda, Maryland: National Institutes of Health [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: leave Chicago, arrive in Washington DC at 11:45 AM; National Institutes of Health, 8:15 PM lecture "The Nature of Molecular Diseases" [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from A. W. Laubengayer, Cornell University, to LP RE: Says the subject for LP's lectures is an excellent choice. Explains that there is concern about the possibility of the speeches duplicating those given recently at other universities. [Letter from LP to Laubengayer April 16, 1957, Letter from LP to Laubengayer May 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1959s3.5]
Letter from Barry Commoner, Washington University, to LP RE: Writes that LP's stay with the Helmholzes will be quite convenient and that they had to slightly change the arrangement for the evening of May 14, so he will be having dinner with the Helmholzes and visiting Commoner afterwards. [Letter from LP to Commoner April 15, 1957, Letter from LP to Commoner May 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Letter from D. B. Benedict, President of Union Carbide Chemicals Company, to the Gentlemen of Union Carbide Chemicals Company, RE: Informs them that the name of Union Carbide and Carbon Corporation was changed to Union Carbide Corporation and the name of Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Company was changed to Union Carbide Chemicals Company. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (U: Correspondence, 1936-1970), Box #421, Folder #421.15]
Letter from Irene Liggett, Director, Child Welfare Division, We Are Planning Council to LP RE: Informs him that they are trying to raise public awareness about mental disabilities so they have developed a study to evaluate their current services. Asks him if he would be willing to guide them in the development of a committee to run the study. Encloses a copy of a report presented to the Welfare Planning Council of the LA area. [Letter from Ms. Wulf to Miss Liggett June 24, 1957, Letter from Miss Liggett to Ms. Wulf July 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1957), #231.3]
Letter from Robert N. Feinstein, Chicago Section American Chemical Society, to LP RE: Thanks LP for his speech on April 29 and writes that attendance was at a peak and ti was a great privilege to meet LP. Mentions that his honorarium should arrive soon as well. [Letter from Feinstein to LP April 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.16]
Letter from Ruby Altizer Roberts, Editor, The Lyric, to LP RE: Thanks him for his statements against nuclear testing and questions where the poets are to back the scientists of the world in this endeavor against testing. Claims she has seen a ring around the earth which she feels is a result of the tests and that it will blow if it is hit with a flammable object, and claims that she has felt the tug of other planets trying to loose themselves from the ocean. Encloses information about The Lyric. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., 1947, 1957, 1964-1965, 1975, 1981), #71.6]
Letter from Stephanie May to LP, RE: May has written to the New York Times about their editorial praising Britain's testing of hydrogen bombs. May is urging LP to join with other humanitarians and form a council to protest thermonuclear explosions. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from William H. Freeman to LP, RE: Informs LP that he will receive a copy of CHEMISTRY OF THE COVALENT BOND and that LP should examine it as a possible text for his course. Explains that this is not the type of book that is usually used in the beginning course and that it is an attempt to give vigor to teaching chemistry. Explains what the course at Brown, which this book evolved from, covers and says that since it is so different from high school chemistry courses, the students responded with a newly awakened interest. Explains that even though the book is designed for Brown's freshman inorganic course, it can be used for many introductory organic courses. Handwritten note in the left margin says, "ahem! Bill." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W. H. Freeman and Company, 1941-1959.), Box #439, Folder #439.15]
Newspaper Clipping: "Fall-Out Victims Placed at 10,000", New York Times, May 1, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.30]
Newspaper Clipping: "Leukemia Increase Seen in British H-Bomb Tests," Independent, May 1, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.28]
Newspaper Clipping: "Nobel Winner Asks Britain to Call Off H-Bomb Test," Washington Post and Times Herald, May 1, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]
Newspaper Clipping: "Nobel Winner Sees Leukemia Peril in A-Tests," Washington, D.C., Evening Star, May 1, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.30]
Newspaper Clipping: "Pauling Couples Tests, Leukemia," Baltimore (Maryland) Sun, May 1, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.28]
Newspaper Clipping: "Pauling Lists 10,000 as Fall-Out Victims," New York Times, May 1, 1957. Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.30]
Photo: Linus Pauling and James A. Shannon at the Fourth Annual National Institutes of Health Lecture. "May 1, 1957- 4th Annual NIH Lecture Dr. Linus Pauling + James A. Shannon." Courtesy of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Photographer unknown. Black and white print. [Filed under LP Photo Box: 1957i.7]
Photo: Linus Pauling speaking at the Fourth Annual National Institutes of Health Lecture, May 1, 1957. Print courtesy of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. Photographer unknown. Black and white print. [Filed under LP Photo Box: 1957i.8]
Program: The National Institutes of Health Fourth Annual Lecture, Bethesda, Maryland, May 1, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.28]

Contribution to: The Scientists Speak. New York Herald Tribune, May 5, 1957, 1, 10. Self Published as: Statement About Nuclear Bomb Tests, May 2, 1957, 4 pp. [Filed under LP Publications: 1957p.14]

STATEMENT ABOUT NUCLEAR BOMB TESTS, by Linus Pauling. May 2, 1957

(This statement was published by the New York Herald-Tribune, 5 May 1957, with some changes made by the Editor.)

There are two reasons why I am strongly in favor of an international agreement to stop atomic bomb testing now: first, I believe that to stop the tests would be a good step toward averting a superbomb war, which would without doubt be a far greater calamity than the world has yet undergone; and second, I believe that the tests themselves are doing damage to the health of the people of the world and to the pool of human germ plasm that determines the nature of future generations of human beings.

In a great nuclear war fought with superbombs hundreds of millions of people would be killed by the bomb blast, fire, and immediate radiation effects. Nearly all of the survivors would die within a few years as a result of the radiation effects of fall-out. The genetic effect of the fall-out radiation would cause the children of the survivors to be so defective as hardly to be recognizable as human beings.

We cannot let this catastrophe occur. The nuclear weapons must be controlled.

Three nations, the United States, Russia, and England, now possess these weapons. I think that the danger that a nuclear war would break out would become very much greater than it is now if these weapons were to get into the possession of many countries, including countries whose leaders might, in some future year, be irresponsible, reckless of consequences, or even insane.

An international agreement to stop the tests now would stop the spread of these weapons to other countries. And it should, moreover, serve effectively as a first step toward a more general disarmament, with ultimate international control of these terrible weapons.

A strong argument in favor of this first step is that inspection is simple. No large bomb can be detonated by any nation without detection.

The second reason for halting the tests is that the tests do harm to the health of people all over the world and to the pool of germ plasm of the human race - those precious molecules of deoxyribosenucleic acid that carry on to our progeny the characteristic qualities that make us human beings.

It is difficult to discover how great the damage is that is done by the fall-out radiation of the bomb tests. I have examined the available information, such as that in the report of the National Academy of Sciences, and have made my own estimates of the magnitudes of these biological effects. I think that nearly all scientists who have studied these questions would agree that my estimates are reasonable ones.

Some statements about the magnitudes of the effects are misleading. For example, it may be said that the average amount of fall-out strontium-90 that gets in the bones of people all over the world is only one one-thousandth of the maximum permissible amount. This statement suggests that the fall-out strontium-90 would do no harm. But in fact the maximum permissible amount, which is an arbitrary standard set by health authorities, does harm. It has a large chance of causing bone cancer and similar diseases, and even one one-thousandth of this amount per person in the whole world could cause hundreds of thousands of people to die. When it is necessary, we may permit a few people, who work voluntarily in certain hazardous occupations, to receive radiation exposure that does them some harm. To expose the whole human race is another matter, a far more serious one.

The radiation due to fall-out from the atomic bomb tests, including that from the strontium-90 that accumulates in the bones, is small in amount compared with that from cosmic rays and other natural sources. But the effects of the bomb-test radiation are not negligible. The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes that even small amounts of radiation are harmful.

I estimate that the bomb tests that have been made so far, amounting to about 50 megatons equivalent of fission, will ultimately have caused the deaths of about one million people in the world. These one million people will have died ten or twenty or thirty years earlier than their life span because the radiation has produced bone cancer, leukemia, or some other disease.

I estimate also that these bomb tests will cause the birth of 200,000 seriously defective children in the next generation of human beings, children with serious mental deficiency or serious physical defects.

If the British Christmas Island tests are carried out and one superbomb, with five megatons equivalent of fission, is exploded, I estimate that it will cause the deaths from cancer and other diseases of 100,000 people now in the world and will increase by 20,000 the number of seriously defective children born in the next generation.

hese effects of the bomb-tests are small, in a relative sense. Hundreds of millions of people in each world generation of a thousand million people die of cancer and similar diseases, and an additional one million deaths would escape detection. In each generation there are born about twenty million seriously defective children, two per cent of all births, and an additional 200, 000 is only a small relative increase.

But the dictates of humanity, of morality, require that we give consideration to individual human beings. In an absolute sense the effect of the bomb tests in causing the deaths of an estimated one million individual human beings and in causing 200,000 seriously defective children to be born in the next gener-ation and in each of a score of succeeding generations is no small matter, no negligible effect. It is instead, a crime, a crime against the human race. It is immoral, a violation of the principles of humanity.

The biological effects of the bomb tests that have already been carried out cannot now be averted; they are inevitable. But if bomb tests amounting to another 50 megatons of fission, another ten great superbombs, are carried out during the next few years, the damage will be doubled; these tests would cause an additional one million deaths, an additional 200,000 defective children in each future generation.

The bomb tests must be stopped. An effective international agreement to stop these tests, subscribed to by all nations, must be made.

Invitation: The Glidden Company Lectures in Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, May 2-3, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.42]

Itinerary: Baltimore, John's Hopkins [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]

Letter from Dr. W.F. Libby, United States Atomic Energy Commission to LP RE: Requests the calculations that he made which determined that 1,000 people who die from Leukemia because of fall-out from British H-bomb tests. States he believes that mutations from fall-out occur in about 10 percent of the population and would like to know LP's opinion. [Letter from LP to Dr. Libby May 10, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Libby, W.F., 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960-1963, 1965), #217.2]
Letter from Hoylande D. Young, American Chemical Society to LP RE: Writes that he hopes the publicity from the press was not disturbing to LP and apologizes for any difficulty it caused him. [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.16]
Letter from Joseph Kaplan, University of California, to LP RE: Writes that he is pleased LP accepted the invitation of the American Friends of the Hebrew University to address their physicians group on May 29. Asks if LP can send some material to read so that he can give LP a suitable introduction and satiate his own curiosity. [Letter from LP to Kaplan May 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.21]
Letter from Kathleen McLean, Washington University News Bureau, to LP RE: Requests publicity materials for his talks at Washington University on May 15. Asks for four glossy head shots and a biographical sketch of LP by about May 9. [Letter from LP to McLean May 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Letter from LP to Marvin G. Osborn, Jr., Washington University, RE: Encloses four glossy prints as Osborn requested. [Letter from Osborn to LP April 29, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Letter from R. Daudel, Institut de Mécanique Ondulatoire Appliquée, to LP RE: Thanks him for his letter of March 28 and expresses sorrow that he won't be able to come to the conference but hopes that he will be able to come visit the school and they will be able to see each other. [Letter from Dr. Daudel November 20, 1956, Letter from LP to Dr. Daudel March 28, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Daudel May 14, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Daudel, Raymond and Pascaline, 1945-1948, 1950-1952, 1956-1958, 1967-1968, 1972), #89.6]
Poster: The Glidden Company Lectures in Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, May 2-3, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.30]
Typescript: "Statement About Bomb Tests," by Linus Pauling, May 2, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]
Typescript: "Statement About Nuclear Bomb Tests." [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World), Box #5.001, Folder #1.1]

May 3 (Baltimore, MD)

Check from AHP to Pearl M. Jordan for $100.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check: John Hopkins University to LP for $500 [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: Baltimore, John's Hopkins [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: Hemoglobin Conference, National Academy of Sciences, 9 AM, Washington DC [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Beatrice Wulf to Dr. F.D. Smith, Monsanto Chemical Company RE: Notifies him that LP will not be in Pasadena when he visits CIT, but that Professor Carl Niemann will show him around the Institute. [Memo from Dr. Niemann to Mrs. Wulf April 30, 1957, Memo from Mrs. Wulf to Mr. Goldberg May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from Dr. Henry K. Beecher, Massachusetts General Hospital, to LP RE: Tentatively planning a series of lectures under the title of "Disease and Basic Science." Lists names of those who have agreed to deliver lectures. Invites LP to lecture on advances that have been made in chemistry which have been stimulated by disease states, such as LP's work on abnormal forms of hemoglobin. The lectures will probably be given a year from this autumn, grouped together as a series of Lowell lectures. [Letter from LP to Henry K. Beecher June 12, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1958s2.8]
Letter from Dr. R.R. Newell, Stanford University School of Medicine to LP RE: Questions how he determined that Atom bomb tests have caused 10,000 leukemia deaths. Lists some assumptions he thinks LP made. Disputes LP's claim but does agree with the stopping of bomb tests, mainly to prevent war and not because of a supposed increase in the threat of leukemia. Claims that he could prove, on the basis of his assumptions that he made about LP's calculations, that if one more cigarette was smoked per day than 1,000 more deaths would be caused. [Letter from LP to Dr. Newell May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (N: Correspondence, 1957), #288.1]
Letter from Dr. W.W. Akers, Chairman, Chemical Engineering Department, The Rice Institute, to LP RE: Requests another copy of a report on publications by staff members in the Chemistry Department at Cal Tech. Also asks LP ways that Rice can make changes in its course on quantitative analysis. Handwritten note in right margin: (55.56 sent 5/10/57 [Letter from LP to Dr. Akers May 13, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Correspondence, 1957), #12.23]
Letter from George Tarjan, Superintendent and Medical Superintendent, Pacific State Hospital, to Alexander Simon, Medical Superintendent, Langley Porter Clinic, cc: LP, RE: Encloses tabulation of patients who died from 1941 to 1957 and on whom postmortem central nervous system examination was performed. The tabulation supports the presumption that senile plaque formations appear more quickly in mongolism at a much younger age. [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.089, Folder #89.3]
Letter from LP to Professor W. E. Wallace, Department of Chemistry at the University of Pittsburgh, RE: Tells Wallace that he is sending under separate cover 2 copies of the 1956-57 Catalogue of the California Institute of Technology. [Letter from Wallace to LP, April 22, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1953-1959), Box #444, Folder #444.5]
Letter from Robert L. Butenhoff, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Attaches a copy of the U.S. Fact Book for the International Science Section, Brussels Universal and International Exhibition of 1958. [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.6]
Memo from Beatrice Wulf to Mr. Goldberg RE: Notifies him that Dr. F.D. Smith, from the Monsanto Chemical Company is coming to visit CIT and has expressed a desire to meet him, since he holds one of the Monsanto Scholarships. Asks whether he will be available during Dr. Smith's visit. [Letter from Mrs. Wulf to Dr. Smith May 3, 1957, Memo from Mrs. Wulf to Mr. Rinker May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Memo from Beatrice Wulf to Robert Rinker RE: Notifies him that Dr. F.D. Smith, from the Monsanto Chemical Company is coming to visit CIT and has expressed a desire to meet him, since he holds one of the Monsanto Fellowships Asks whether he will be available during Dr. Smith's visit. [Memo from Beatrice Wulf to Mr. Goldberg May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Newspaper Clipping: "500 Attend Pauling Talk," Baltimore (Maryland) Sun, May 3, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.32]
Note from Kay Nakamura, to Beatrice Wulf RE: Notifies that a test on urine for Phenylketonuria was negative but a blood test would be more reliable. Typed Note in right margin: "Mrs. Bowen's Patient." [Letter from LP to Mrs. Bowen May 14, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]

May 4 (Baltimore, MD)

Airline ticket: United Airlines, Baltimore to Chicago to Los Angeles [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: leave Baltimore, arrive in Los Angeles at 3:30 PM [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from R.K. Sidhwa to LP RE: Requests information on how he calculated the number of people with leukemia caused by atom bomb tests. Seeks to know if there is a cure for the cancer and what its symptoms are. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]

May 5

Check from AHP to Elizabeth Gillette for $15.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to Fairchild Recording Equipment Company for $29.50. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Contribution to: The Scientists Speak. New York Herald Tribune, May 5, 1957, 1, 10. [Filed under LP Publications: 1957p.14]
Letter from H. Corbiere to LP RE: Requests his thoughts on two problems in biological science because Mr. Corbiere's neighbor is working on getting a whole world inquiry into these problems. Lists names of professors who have already sent back their opinion's. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Newspaper Clipping: "H-Bomb Fallout Controversy: The Two Sides," New York Herald Tribune, May 5, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.31] [Reprint of an article originally published in the New York Herald Tribune, May 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.47]
Newspaper Clipping: "The Scientists Speak," New York Herald Tribune, May 5, 1957. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.12]

May 6

Check from LP to Avis Rent-A-Car System for $38.35. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from LP to G. T. Faust, Treasurer for $2.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from LP to Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn for $25.00. [Field under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from Dean Lewis N. Pino, Assistant Dean of the College, The Colorado College to LP RE: Thanks him for visiting with the Winter Night Club and the campus of Colorado College. Discusses what he is now working on. [Letter from Ms. Wulf to Mr. Murray April 18, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.14]
Letter from Dr. David Yi-Yung Hsia, The Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago to LP RE: Requests the opportunity to come visit his lab in June since he will be there for a conference. Expresses an interest in discussing phenylketonuria with LP's group. [Letter from LP to Dr. Hsia May 14, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1957), #167.2]
Letter from L. Bonnington to LP, RE: Bonnington asks for LP's opinions on fission and fusion with uranium. Bonnington discusses the potential uses and dangers of uranium fission and fusion. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from LP to Dora E. Young, The Helen Hay Whitney Foundation RE: LP is pleased about the reservations and asks that a twin bed room be arranged for him and AHP who will arrive on the 8th and plan to stay until the 15th. [Memorandum from Young to Members April 30, 1957, Letter from Young to LP May 10, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Helen Hay Whitney Foundation—Scientific Advisory Committee: Correspondence 1954-1959: Box #15.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from LP to Dr. Herman E. Hilleboe, Commissioner of Health, New York Department of Health RE: Thanks him for the invitation to be on the advisory board at Roswell Park Memorial Institute but declines because he is cutting down his trips to the East and so wouldn't be able to come to New York twice a year to be on the board. Expresses an interest in the work of the Institute and a wish that he could accept. [Letter from Dr. Hilleboe to LP April 25, 1957, Letter from Dr. Hilleboe to LP May 13, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1957), #167.2]
Letter from LP to Dr. Karl M. Herstein, Herstien Laboratories Inc RE: Accepts the invitation to be on the Sponsors Committee for the Memorial Fund Drive in honor of Raymond Kirk. Encloses $25 to be put towards the fund. [Letter from Dr. Herstein to LP April 16, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1957), #167.2]
Letter from LP to Dr. Sigismund Peller. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1957), #313.5]

6 May 1957

Dr. Sigismund Peller

164 East 81st Street

New York 28, N.Y.

Dear Dr. Peller:

I thank you for your letter of 17 April and for the reprint of your 1946 paper.

I have been wondering about the questtions that you discuss in your paper, and I shall study your paper with care. I may say that it seems to me that different genes may affect intelligence in different ways, and that the job of formulating genetic theory will necessarily be a much more complicated one than the treatment given in your paper.

Sincerely yours,

Linus Pauling:W

Letter from LP to Dr. W.F. Libby, United States Atomic Energy Commission RE: Accepts the invitation to become a member of the Geochemical Society, notifies him that he returned the paperwork to George Faust. [Letter from Dr. Libby to LP April 19, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Libby, W.F., 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960-1963, 1965), #217.2]
Letter from LP to G. Dupouy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, RE: Confirms his travel plans for his visit to France and expresses his satisfaction with the program. [Letter from LP to Dupouy April 16, 1957, Letter from LP to Dupouy May 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.23]
Letter from LP to G. Dupouy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, RE: response to Dupoy's letter of April 19, 1957 [?] that outlined LP's program in France. LP also gives flight information for June 15th [Letter from Dupoy to LP [?] dated April 19, 1957; May 22, 1957] [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder 2.3]
Letter from LP to James A. Shannon, National Institutes of Health, RE: Thanks Shannon for being selected to give the fourth National Institutes of Health lectures and expresses his pleasure in meeting everyone. Also encloses his expenses statement and asks if Shannon can give it to Mrs. Horlander. [Letter from LP to Shannon April 15, 1957, Letter from Shannon to LP May 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.17]
Letter from LP to Lindsay Helmholz, Washington University, RE: Confirms their plans and tells Helmholz exactly when his plane will be coming into St. Louis. Also accepts the invitation to speak with the student group while on the Washington University campus. [Letter from Helmholz to LP April 23, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Newspaper Clipping: "Bomb Test Regulation," New York Herald Tribune, May 6, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]
Newspaper Clipping: "Rep. Mink States Her Case," "Cheers for Rep. Mink" and "Wants H-Bomb Tests Banned," Letters to the Editor, Honolulu (Hawaii) Star-Bulletin, May 6, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.28]

May 7

Check from AHP to C.C.P.A.F. for $10.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Kathleen, Inc. for $98.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to Monise Motors for $3.65. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Payne Heating Company for $33.32. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Southern California Edison Company for $30.41. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Southern Counties Gas Company for $17.85. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Wirin Rissman and Okrand for $50.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from Dr. Arthur Samuels, University of Colorado Medical Center to LP RE: Discusses some of his research on hemoglobin and asks that LP read one of his manuscripts and submit it to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Handwritten note in top right corner: "mg, not mgm why use . For mgm if not from ml?" [Letter from LP to Dr. Samuels May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from Dr. Menard M. Gertler, Chairman, Symposium on Cardiac Failure, New York Academy of Sciences, to LP RE: Informs him of a symposium being hosted by the New York Academy of Sciences which is slated to discuss cardiac failure. Describes how they are planning on approaching cardiac failure during this symposium. Invites him to be the keynote speaker at a dinner meeting the first night of the symposium. [Letter from LP to Dr. Gertler May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957), #141.1]
Letter from Dr. Oscar Janiger, Coordinator of Mental Health Training, College of Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons to LP RE: Invites him to speak about his latest research in the field of psychobiology. States that the date and time will be left up to him if he decides to accept. [Letter from LP to Dr. Janiger May 20, 1957, Letter from Dr. Janiger to LP September 24, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Janiger October 16, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (J: Correspondence, 1957), #192.23]
Letter from LP, to James E. Beasley RE: States that methyl bromide is reactive and can cause significant physiological effects, possibly long term, but other than that can't give him any more information for his client, but advises him that studies on its long-lasting effects have been done. [Letter from Mr. Beasley to LP April 30, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Philip Horton, Senior Editor, The Reporter to LP RE: Sends him a copy of the magazine's latest issue, which discusses "The Untold Story of Nuclear Tests in Nevada" and asks for any responses he might have. Includes the handwritten, original draft of LP's letter to the editor in response to the articles in the issue, as well as the copy of the issue. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1957a.5]
Manuscript Notes: No Title [re: House of Lords debate over British hydrogen bomb, including anti-nuclear activities of Linus Pauling] May 7-9, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.56]

May 8

First Western Bank Return Item Debit for Unpaid Check for Linus Pauling for $160.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from Ben May to LP RE: "I enclose a letter which was written to the Lancet." Includes the clipping of the letter. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (May, Ben, 1950-1958, 1960-1961, 1963, 1967-1968, 1970-1971), #244.5]
Letter from G. Stainsby, British Gelatine and Glue Research Association, to LP RE: Encloses a copy of the program for the conference and mentions that he reserved a room at a nearby hotel for LP and AHP. Also asks for a script of LP's lecture. [Letter from LP to Stainsby May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.25]
Letter from Harvy Cort, Producer, CBS Public Affairs, to LP RE: Requests a copy of a paper LP gave in Chicago in April for a program CBS is doing on dealing with the hazards of radiation. [Letter from LP to Mr. Cort May 10, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., 1947, 1957, 1964-1965, 1975, 1981), #71.6]
Letter from LP (Signed by Beatrice Wulf) to Dr. Stephen H. Fritchman RE: Accepts invitation to be guest of honor at dinner of Unitarian-Universalist ministers of Southern California and Arizona, 3 June, and will make remarks as suggested. [Letter from Fritchman to LP, April 23, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: Box 4.001, Folder 1.1]
Letter from LP to A. I. Oparin, Institute of Biochemistry, RE: Encloses his manuscript for his paper on The Nature of the Forces Operating in the Process of the Duplication of Molecules in Living Organisms, for presentation at the Origin of Life symposium being held in Moscow in August. [Letter from LP to Oparin April 18, 1957, Letter from Oparin to LP May 27, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s2.1]
Letter from LP to A. W. Laubengayer, Cornell University, RE: Plans to present the Messenger Lectures during fall term 1959. Says he thinks there will be little duplication between his lectures and those recently given at other universities. [Letter from Laubengayer to LP May 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1959s3.5]
Letter from LP to Barry Commoner, Washington University, RE: Asks if a chest microphone will be provided for his Chapel lecture in the morning, because he does not like to be restricted behind a stationary microphone. [Letter from Commoner to LP May 1, 1957, Letter from LP to Commoner May 31, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Letter from LP to Dr. Olive F. Erickson RE: Expresses interest in research involving electrophoresis of tears but states he will be out of town on the dates requested for a meeting. [Letter from Dr. Erickson to LP April 25, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (E: Correspondence, 1957), #112.23]
Letter from LP to Harlow W. Ades, University of Texas, RE: Informs Ades of his flight number and time. Also asks if it is possible to use a chest microphone for his speeches because he does not like to be restricted behind a stationary microphone. [Letter from Ades to LP March 26, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.20]
Letter from LP to Joseph Kaplan, University of California, RE: Encloses some of his work in the field of molecular medicine as Kaplan requested. Proposes to emphasize the fact that there is beginning to become a better understanding of disease in relation to the nature of the molecules involved. [Letter from Kaplan to LP May 2, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.21]
Letter from LP to Lela A. McFarland RE: Informs McFarland that Dr. Wright's diet is only of value for phenylketonurics, which her daughter is not. At the present time he cannot make any suggestions about her daughter's treatment but will let her know of any discovery made that might help. [Letter from McFarland to LP April 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder 89.7]
Letter from LP to Leonard Engel RE: States he will be in New York for a few days beginning June 8 but if he will not be available, perhaps they could meet in Pasadena in September or October. [Letter from Leonard Engel to LP April 15, 1957] [Letter from Leonard Engel to LP May 13, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.3]
Letter from LP to P.O. Jakobi RE: LP does not know enough about the treatment of deterioration fo the memory to make any suggestion to her but does mention that he thinks a balanced diet is very important. [Letter from Jakobi to LP April 29, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder 89.7]
Letter from LP to Professor Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin RE: Sends him the manuscript of his paper "The Nature of the Forces Operating in the Process of the Duplication of Molecules in Living Organisms" which he will deliver at the symposium on the origin of life. [Letter from LP to Professor Oparin April 18, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Oparin, Aleksandr Ivanovich, 1956-1959, 1964, 1967-1970, 1972), #295.7]
Letter from LP to Sara W. Prentiss RE: Hopes that the reprint sent to her was helpful, states he was happy to see the article in The Nation. Informs her on what he and AHP have been up to and what they are doing this summer. [Letter from Ms. Wulf to Miss Prentiss April 26, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1957), #313.5]
Letter from Meyer W. Weisgal, The Weizmann Institute of Science, to LP, RE: Informs LP that by some misunderstanding between New York and Rehovoth, LP was not notified on time that the New York conference in June will be postponed until sometime in 1958 and will instead be held in Rehovoth. Handwritten note at the top says, "Not to be answered." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Organizational Correspondence. (Wa - Wo)), Box #441, Folder #441.4]
Memo from unknown sender to LP RE: Discusses the process in which carboxypeptidase splits off of an amino acid and tells LP that Mr. Recsei appears to have information about the nature and action of carboxypeptidase. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R: Individual Correspondence, Raz-Reich), #328.3]

May 9 (Los Angeles, CA)

Check from AHP to A.A.U.N. for $3.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Athenaeum for $18.03. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Chamber Music Society for $6.40. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Dr. Frank Adams for $10.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Friends Committee on Legislation for $10.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Happy's Liquor Stores for $14.57. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Harry Levitt M.D. for $6.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Joseph W. Wood for $20.61. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Mira Loma Mutual Water Company for $10.86. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Newlin's for $27.50. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Poppy Cleaners and Dryers for $14.50. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Richfield Oil Company of California for $93.49. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to San Luis Butane Distributors for $32.21. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Standard Oil Company of California for $44.67. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Suburban Gas Service for $27.04. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Itinerary [handwritten]: National Science Fair [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder 2.2]
Itinerary [handwritten]: in Pasadena, [ ] Association Conference; [ ] Science Fair [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Congressman Chet Holifield, Chairman, Special Subcommittee on Atomic Energy to LP RE: Notifies him personally of the subcommittee of the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy being held to discuss the effects of radioactive fallout. Outlines what days the subcommittee will be held and what will happen each day. Invites him to participate. [Letter from LP to Congressman Holifield June 6, 1957, Note from LP to Congressman Holifield June 7, 1957, Letter from Congressman Holifield to LP June 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Holifield, Chet, 1957-1961), #162.6]
Letter from Constance de Santillana to LP RE: Apologizes for the way that some audience members acted when he spoke in Santa Barbara at the Institute on World Affairs and hopes he realized that the "dissident voices" did not represent the majority opinion. Expresses her admiration for his work against nuclear weapons. [Letter from Ms. Wulf to Mrs. Santillana July 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from Dr. Bernard G. Sarnat to LP RE: Invites him to speak to the Plastic Surgery Research Council in November. [Letter from LP to Dr. Sarnat May 14, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from Dr. Leopold May, Instructor of Psychiatry, University of Maryland to LP RE: Explains that he is writing for information concerning the structure of isomers of alanine, which LP had suggested he do. [Letter from LP to Dr. May May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from Earl Ubell, New York Herald Tribune to LP RE: Thanks him for sending his statement to the paper, notifies him that the quotation marks were removed and that it was compressed because of space, sends an honorarium. Handwritten note explains that the honorarium was $50.00. [Letter from LP to Mr. Ubell May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1957a.3]
Letter from James A. Shannon, National Institutes of Health, to LP RE: Encloses two photos taken the night of the lecture and thanks LP for coming. [Letter from LP to Shannon May 6, 1957, Letter from Shannon to LP May 31, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.17]
Letter from LP to Kathleen McLean, Washington University News Bureau, RE: Encloses a biographical sketch and abstracts of the talks at Washington University as requested. [Letter from McLean May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Letter from Robert Armes to LP, RE: Armes finds it gratifying to know that there are courageous people like LP who are able to break through the "silent curtain." [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Memo from Oleg Jardetzky to LP RE: Corrects Darmoix's method of calculating hydration numbers. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1956a.4]
Summary Report: Conference on Galactosemia and Experimental Teratology, Pacific State Hospital, Pomona, California, May 9, 1957. [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.083, Folder #83.7]

May 10 (Los Angeles, CA)

Check from LP to Beatrice J. Wulf for $200.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from LP to Bennett Travel Agency for $434.72. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from LP to Harry Osaki for $156.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Itinerary [handwritten]: National Science Fair [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder 2.2]
Itinerary [handwritten]: in Pasadena, [ ] Association Conference; [ ] Science Fair [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from David L. Drabkin, Department of Biochemistry, University of Pennsylvania, to LP RE: Expresses concern over a value that LP used for the molecular weight of hemoglobin because he has been studying it for the past few years and found a value much higher than what LP used and the number he based his value on was adopted by the Protein Commission of I.U.P.A.C. as the correct number. Asks for LP's comments on a paper by Dr. Geiger, and informs LP that one of his students is seeking a full time position. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1957), #98.22]
Letter from Dora E. Young, The Helen Hay Whitney Foundation to LP RE: Young has changed his reservation at the Westbury Hotel as requested. [Letter from LP to Young May 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Helen Hay Whitney Foundation—Scientific Advisory Committee: Correspondence 1954-1959: Box #15.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from LP to Dr. W.F. Libby, United States Atomic Energy Commission RE: Notifies him it was an estimate that 1,000 people would die from Leukemia if the British tested their H-bomb and that he never planned on publicizing the estimate, that he only mentioned it while talking with a small group at an American Chemical Society meeting in Chicago which happened to have a reporter in it. Comments that he based his estimate off of calculations that E.B. Lewis had mentioned in a paper he wrote. [Letter from Dr. Libby to LP May 2, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Libby, W.F., 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960-1963, 1965), #217.2]
Letter from LP to Harvy Cort, Producer, CBS Public Affairs RE: Informs Mr. Cort that he did not give a paper on the biological effects of radiation and fallout in April, he only made a few comments about it at the end of his talk. Suggests Mr. Cort look at his longer statement printed in the New York Herald Tribune on May 5 and states that he has no material of his own on the effects but has done a lot of reading on them and deducted his views from that, but believes there is not much difference of opinion between scientists on the matter. [Letter from Mr. Cort to LP May 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Columbia Broadcasting System, Inc., 1947, 1957, 1964-1965, 1975, 1981), #71.6]
Letter from Leslie Moore, Executive Editor of the Worcester Telegram~The Evening Gazette Sunday Telegram, to LP, RE: Encloses an editorial page from the Worcester Telegram that she thinks might interest LP. Tells LP that they will welcome any comment from him, perhaps in the form of a letter to the editor. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1953-1959), Box #444, Folder #444.5]
Newspaper Clipping: "Dr. Linus Pauling, Nobel Winner, to Speak Next Week," Dallas (Texas) Morning News, May 10, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]
Newspaper Clipping: "Unpleasant Data on Radiation," Worcester (Massachusetts?) Telegram, May 10, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]
Note from N. V. Subba Rao of Osmania University to LP RE: Confirms his plan to visit Caltech in May and requests LP's help in making arrangements. Encloses his "List of Research Papers Published." [Note from N. V. Subba Rao to LP April 28, 1956] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1956), #379.4]

May 11 (Los Angeles, CA)

Check from AHP to Raymond J. Pfau for $74.25. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Itinerary [handwritten]: National Science Fair [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder 2.2]
Letter from Kaoru Yasui, Director Japan Council Against A&H Bombs to LP, RE: The council invites LP to the 3rd World Conference against A&H Bombs and for Disarmament in Tokyo August 6th though 16th. Details about the conference are enclosed in the appeal for the Conference. LP is also invited to be a sponsor and the Council asks that LP inform them if he accepts the invitation by June 10th. [Filed under LP Peace: (Japan Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, 1957-1965, 1991), Box #4.008, Folder #8.1]
Letter from LP to Dr. William V. Consolazio, National Science Foundation RE: LP encloses the progress report for Research Grant NSF-G1189 for 1956. [Letters from Consolazio to LP March 28, 1957, May 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.4]
Newspaper Clipping: "Pauling Urges Atomic Bomb Tests Be Stopped Before Man is Imperiled," Washington University Student Life, May 11, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.34]
Newspaper Clipping: "Pontiff Backed on Atomic Curb," New York Times, May 11, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]
Report on Research Grant RE: Research Grant NSF-G1189, "Configurations of Polypeptide Chains in Proteins," submitted by LP to Dr. William V. Consolazio. [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.4]

May 12

Check from AHP to American Committee on Africa, Inc. for $5.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Boy's Athletic League, Inc. for $5.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Pacific G & E for $4.33. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to Pacific Telephone and Telegraph for $5.17. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1
Check from AHP to Silverwoods for $62.40. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Check from AHP to The Vermont Crossroads Store for $39.35. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from LP to Santa Fe R.R. H. Stephens, Agent for $7.81. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Handwritten note from Dr. K. Venkateswarlu, Professor and Head of the Department of Physics at Annamali University, to LP, RE: Introduces himself as someone who studied geophysics at Caltech during 1949-50 as a post-doctoral student and says that he met LP and AHP during the Indian Science Congress Session. Tells LP that one of his lecturers, Mr. S. Srinaman, did some work on magnetic studies of hydrogen bonds, complex ions, and alkali metals. Says that Srinaman submitted the results and has obtained a thesis for the Ph.D. degree. Asks LP to accept to be an examiner and chairman of the thesis evaluation committee of their University. Explains the research done by Srinaman. [Letter from LP to Venkateswarlu, May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (V: Correspondence, 1933-1969), Box #427, Folder #427.17]
Newspaper Clipping: "Miss Vasconcelos to Wed," Pasadena (California) Independent Star-News, May 12, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.29]
Publication: "Time." [Filed under LP Peace: (Non-Pauling Peace Materials: Publications and Newsletters)]
Research Notebook of LP RE: Evaluation of electron density in a single ligated oxygen atom. Includes several different cases with calculations. p. 68. [Filed under LP Research Notebooks: 28R]
Typescript: Fear or Disdain of Radioactive Contamination as a Measure of Common Sense. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: Nuclear Fallout; Radiation Hazards, 1957-1958), Box #7.002, Folder #2.1]

May 13 (Los Angeles, CA)

Itinerary [handwritten]: St. Louis, Washington University [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: leave Los Angeles, arrive in St. Louis at 3:31 PM [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from C.P. Ballard to LP RE: Writes to LP for any help he can provide for his 10year old daughter who is incapable of speech and has a lack of depth in her mental processes both possibly due to brain damage or deficient mental capacity. [Letter from LP to Ballard May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder 89.7]
Letter from Dorothy P. Horlander, National Institutes of Health, to LP RE: Asks LP to fill out an additional form and send a copy of his plane tickets so the National Institutes of Health can reimburse him. [Letter from LP to Horlander May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.17]
Letter from Dr. Corliss Lamont to LP RE: Notifies LP that he has been revising his latest writing since the last time they corresponded with each other. Outlines what details he changed and why. [Letter from Dr. Lamont to LP October 31, 1956, Letter from LP to Dr. Lamont February 12, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Lamont, Corliss, 1956-1957, 1960-1962, 1966, 1980, 1984, 1987), #212.5]
Letter from Dr. Herman E. Hilleboe, Commissioner of Health, New York Department of Health to LP RE: Expresses sorrow that he can't join the advisory board at Roswell Park Memorial Institute but understands not being able to commit to two extra trips to the Eastern United States a year. [Letter from Dr. Hilleboe to LP April 25, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Hilleboe May 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1957), #167.2]
Letter from Dr. J. Kaplan, Department of Physics, University of California to LP RE: Thanks him for the articles that he sent and states he is "reading them with great pleasure." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957), #201.1]
Letter from Edward Mosk to LP, RE: Tells LP that he greatly appreciated the interview between LP and Mr. Stout and that he thinks LP is doing a great service to humanity. [Letter from the Executive Secretary at Gates and Crellin Laboratories to Edward Mosk July 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Personal Safe, Drawer 2 Folder 2.030]
Letter from Elva Dittman to LP RE: Questions whether an annual chest X-ray required by her employer is harmful to her health. [Letter from Mrs. Wulf to Miss Dittman July 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1957), #98.22]
Letter from H.S. Rogers, President of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, to LP RE: Invites LP to the Corporation of Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn's annual Corporation dinner on June 11th at the University Club in Manhattan. Tells LP several men that the dinner will honor and that the guests will include leaders in industry, finance, engineering, science, and education. [Letter from LP to Rogers, May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]
Letter from Helen and Nathan Ginsburg to LP, RE: Thanks LP for his recent statement about Great Britain's scheduled hydrogen bomb tests. Expresses that they feel very strongly about the consequences of the tests and that it is the responsibility of all citizens to try to influence the heads of government. Encloses a copy of a letter they sent to President Eisenhower that mentions LP and asks for any suggestions of what they could do to help further his aims. [Letter from the Executive Secretary at Gates and Crellin Laboratories to Helen and Nathan Ginsburg July 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Safe Contents Drawer 2, Folder 2.030]
Letter from John Beckman, Chemical Engineer, to LP RE: Thanks him for being outspoken on the problem of radioactive materials. Notifies LP of another problem, the free sulfuric acid that is dumped into the air by oil refineries. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from LP to Dr. W.W. Akers, Chairman, Chemical Engineering Department, The Rice Institute RE: Acknowledges that a copy of the report on staff publications was sent to Dr. Akers. Also states that in regards to the quantitative analysis class he should speak with a Professor Waser who learned about the class while visiting Cal Tech. [Letter from Dr. Akers to LP May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Correspondence, 1957), #12.23]
Letter from Leonard Engel to LP RE: Thanks for his letter and would like to meet with him in New York and then come visit the laboratory during August. September or October would be too late to print the brochure. Mentions possible meeting times both in New York and Pasadena. [Letter from LP to Leonard Engel May 8, 1957] [Letter from LP to Leonard Engel May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.3]
Letter from Max Rudolph Lemberg, Religious Society of Friends, to the Prime Minister of Australia RE: Urge the Prime Minister to hasten an agreement on disarmament and to support an international agreement on banning atomic weapons and persuade the British Government to abandon the hydrogen bomb test at Christmas Island. [Filed under LP Books: 1958b3.1]
Letter from Patricia MacManus Publicity Director to LP, RE: MacManus is sending LP an advance copy of a book to be published this week by Ralph Lapp and Jack Schubert. MacManus hopes that if LP has any comments on "Radiation: What it is and How it Affects You" that he will send them to The Viking Press. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials, re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961), Box #7.007, Folder #7.1]
Letter outline from Martin Ray to Barclay, RE: Contains some sort of protests to the marriage between Linda and Barclay. Seems to be hand-written by LP in the form of quotes. Includes a heading for May 15 with similar quotes. Also includes a hand-written note on the back by Linda thanking someone for a lovely weekend and relating that she saw Barclay's family and home. [Filed under Linus Pauling Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.013]
Note from Dr. Joseph W. Still to LP RE: Discusses his research on aging and requests suggestions on how to move forward. Encloses a copy of a paper he recently published entitled "Amino Acid Turnover in Brain Compared With Turnover in Other Tissues." [Letter from Beatrice Wulf to Dr. Still July 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
State Department Press Release RE: Responds to a complaint from the Soviet Government about restricting Russians traveling in the US. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Academy of Sciences, U.S.S.R., 1955-1967, 1970, 1977-1979, 1984, 1986-1988), #7.5]

May 14 (St. Louis, MO)

Itinerary [handwritten]: St. Louis, Washington University [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Bettye M. Caldwell, Director, Child Evaluation Clinic, Washington University, to LP RE: Thanks him for the lecture that he gave at the Honors Ceremony at Washington University and asks what she can do as an individual citizen to halt atomic testing. [Letter from LP to Dr. Caldwell June 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Letter from Carl Gleichen, to LP RE: Sending LP a brochure, at the request of Mr. Gleichen's friend Ann Butler Berner, on an invention of his which he hopes will help Humanity, especially those with mental illnesses. Asks for any comments that LP has if he is interested. Includes the aforementioned brochure. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Dr. David Pressman, Roswell Park Memorial Institute to LP RE: Comments about his figures on the number of people who could get leukemia from atomic fallout. Notifies him that he sent off his manuscript for the Symposium on Molecular Configuration and Biological Specificity. Invites him to visit and give a seminar. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Pressman, David), #309.7]
Letter from Dr. F.B. Ortman, Associate Director, Stanford Research Institute to LP RE: Invites him to a lunch to meet the faculty at the Institute. Handwritten note in right margin, "regrets telephoned." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Stanford Research Institute), #376.7]
Letter from Dr. George M. Guest, Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Ohio, to LP RE: Inquires after whether they will be able to see one another during their trips to France in the coming summer. Outlines his itinerary and why he is going to France. [Letter from LP to Dr. Guest May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957), #141.1]
Letter from Geo. J. Ragon Sr. to LP RE: Tells LP that he listened to his report on fallouts over the radio a few nights prior and would like to prove to LP that all stars in the universe are man made and that the earth is on its way to becoming a star, like our sun. Tells LP that he is not a scientists, nor a student of the Bible, but he has read both and has studied astronomy most of his life. Tells LP that fallouts are insignificant in comparison to "stayins," the radiation that lingers in the hydrogen field until it is saturated and is what makes stars from planets. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]
Letter from LP [Signed by Beatrice Wulf] to Dr. Bernard G. Sarnat RE: Declines his invitation because he will be in the east during the scheduled time. Notifies him that Professor Campbell knows his work well and will be able to cover it if he accepts their invitation to speak. [Letter from Dr. Sarnat to LP May 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from LP [Signed by Beatrice Wulf] to Dr. David Yi-Yung Hsia, The Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago RE: Notifies him that he is leaving for Europe on June 8 and won't be in Pasadena when his conference is. Suggests that he come on the scheduled day and speak with Beatrice Wulf who will introduce him to Dr. Schroeder and other members of his group and they can discuss their work on phenylketonuria. [Letter from Dr. Hsia to LP May 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1957), #167.2]
Letter from LP [Signed by Beatrice Wulf] to Harry Althouse, Manager, Medical Department, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals RE: Telling Mr. Althouse that no staff members at Cal Tech are working in Polypeptide hormone chemistry. [Letter from Harry Althouse to LP April 25, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Correspondence, 1957), #12.23]
Letter from LP [Signed by Beatrice Wulf] to R. Daudel, Institut de Mécanique Ondulatoire Appliquée RE: Informs him that he will come and see his laboratories while in Paris and that he and AHP are looking forward to seeing him and his wife. [Letter from Dr. Daudel to LP November 20, 1956, Letter from LP to Dr. Daudel March 28, 1957, Letter from Dr. Daudel to LP May 2, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Daudel, Raymond and Pascaline, 1945-1948, 1950-1952, 1956-1958, 1967-1968, 1972), #89.6]
Letter from LP [Signed by Beatrice Wulf], to Mrs. Ira S. Bowen RE: Alerts her that he has found out that her patient's urine sample was negative for Phenylketonuria and that they are now running blood tests in order to find if there are more milder cases of the disease. LP will let her know if they discover anything. [Note from Kay Nakamura to Mrs. Wulf May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from LP to Alan G. Ward, British Gelatine and Glue Research Association, RE: Writes to tell Ward that he will be able to stay until Thursday, so he will come to the Conference dinner. [Letter from Ward to LP March 12, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.25]
Letter from LP to H. L. Bryam, Tax Collector, RE: Informs him that the land of A.B. Chapman in the Rancho Santa Anita belongs to LP and AHP. Handwritten notes on top right have several sets of number with two crossed out and 229 over 41,287 circled and the numbers 232 over 53 circled. Handwritten note on bottom right says "7640-0066-024-07" and "1957 taxes paid in full June 5, 1957 Anderson" [Filed under LP Personal Safe, Drawer 2 Folder 2.035]
Letter from LP to H.L. Byram, Tax Collector, Los Angeles County RE: Lists land that belongs to LP and AHP. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Leo H. Criep, MD, to LP RE: Notifies him of some changes made to transcripts from a panel held on immunology that LP participated in. Informs him that it is ready to be submitted to the editor of the Journal unless LP wants to look at the changes. Thanks him for participating in the discussion. [Letter from Mrs. Wulf to Dr. Criep June 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Letter from T. Toyoda, Department of Physics at Rikkyo University, to LP RE: Encloses a translated copy of the letter from the Japanese physicists to the Gottingen Group would made the Gottingen Declaration against the research, production, and use of nuclear weapons. Says that they would appreciate it if LP would cooperate with them in their movement against nuclear weapons. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (T: Correspondence, 1956-1963), Box #411, Folder #411.2]
Manuscript, "Statement on Bomb Tests" [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World), Box #5.001, Folder #1.2]
Newspaper Clipping: "Nobel Prize-Winning Chemist Highlights Honors Assembly," Saint Louis (Missouri) Washington University Student Life, May 14, 1957. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.13]
Newspaper Clipping: "Stop the Bombs!" and "Sinful Madness," Pasadena (California) Star-News, May 14, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.32]

May 15 (St. Louis, MO)

Itinerary [handwritten]: St. Louis, Washington University [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: 11 AM Chapel talk "Science in the Modern World"; Phi Beta Kappa-Sigma Xi banquet, evening "Molecular Medicine" [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter dictated by LP to Mr. W. H. Freeman, RE: Says that he thinks it would be fine to suggest that Sisler approaches O. K. Rice with a proposal that they collaborate. Explain that Rice has a good background and that, even though he would like to go over their manuscript if Rice and Sisler do prepare one, he can't think of anyone better than Rice for this job. [Letter from Freeman to LP, April 26, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W. H. Freeman and Company, 1941-1959.), Box #439, Folder #439.15]
Letter from Cleon O. Swayzee, Ford Foundation to LP RE: Let LP know that it is not possible to offer a fellowship to the person (Tom Bergeman) on whose behalf LP wrote a reference. [Filed under LP Science: (Ford Foundation, 1949-1972), Box #14.012, Folder #12.1]
Letter from Dr. Otto Bastiansen, Institutt for Teoretisk Kjemi, to LP RE: Mentions the debate over the Albert Schweitzer appeals and the upcoming atomic tests on Christmas Island. States that the Norwegian government is interested in helping to put a stop to British testing and wanted the scientists at the Institutt to help them. Wants to know if quotes about the effects of these tests, attributed to LP, were really things that he said so that Dr. Bastiansen and his colleagues could maybe settle their debate over Schweitzer. [Letter from LP to Dr. Bastiansen June 1, 1957, Letter from Dr. Bastiansen to LP June 15, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Bastiansen, Otto, 1951-1958, 1960-1967, 1970-1971, 1980-1982, 1986), #24.3]
Letter from Dr. W.M. Stanley, Virus Laboratory, University of California to Dr. Hideo Murakami, cc: LP RE: Doubts the significance of his manuscripts, which he had sent to LP for review who then sent them to Dr. Stanley. Notifies him that he can not submit something for publication in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences because papers published there have to be sponsored by a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Recommends that he try submitting the manuscripts to Nature or Science. Handwritten note at bottom of page to LP explains that he feels these manuscripts do not belong in the Proceedings, also outlines the Stanleys' summer plans. [Letter from Dr, Murakami to LP February 28, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Stanley April 2, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Murakami April 2, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from J. Salvinien, Faculté des Sciences de Montpellier, to LP RE: Written in French. Confirms with LP that he will give two lectures in Montpellier, one on abnormal hemoglobin and one on the structure of proteins. Hopes that LP can spend two days at the university, if his schedule permits. [Letter from LP to Salvinien April 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.24]
Letter from LP to Chauncey, RE: Tells him about the Appeal by American Scientists and explains that he is trying to get a copy of the Appeal signed by 20 leading scientists to send to universities so he can get more signatures. Asks for Chauncey to sign. Note on bottom: Chauncey replied to LP on the same letter saying that he is glad to be with LP on this and that the Appeal is well conceived and expressed. Apologizes for a delay in responding and expresses hope that it gets to LP on time. Handwritten note labels it as number 32. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from LP to Frank Toole, University of New Brunswick, RE: Writes that he is pleased to be invited to give the Bryan Priestman Memorial Lectures, but that sometime during the end of October would be much more feasible for his schedule. [Letter from Toole to LP April 24, 1957, Letter from Toole to LP July 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s2.6]
Letter from LP to M. Maurice Vigeron, RE: Tells Vigeron that the ENDEAVOR owns the copyright on the drawings that were published in LP's article and so he can not give him permission to reproduce the drawings. Informs Vigeron that a request was made to ENDEAVOR years ago for permission to reproduce the article and it was turned down by the journal. [Letter from Vigeron to LP, April 30, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (V: Correspondence, 1933-1969), Box #427, Folder #427.17]
Letter from LP to Walter Strong. [Letter from Walter Strong to LP October 24, 1956] [Letter from Walter Strong to LP May 25, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.13]

15 May 1957

Mr. Walter W. Strong

5801 Garford Street

Long Beach 15, California

Dear Mr. Strong:

I have been surprised to see that your letter of 24 October 1956 has remained unanswered on my desk for a long time.

I think that you may well be right in believing that improper food plays some part in causing mental illness. I do not know whether or not there is any evidence that calcium deficiency is an important cause of mental illness.

Are there any papers in the literature that support this thesis? If there are, I should be pleased to have references to them.

Sincerely yours,

Linus Pauling:W

Memo from Professor E.W. Hughes to LP RE: Discusses calculations of radii. Handwritten notes in top right corner outline some changes to be made to a manuscript. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1957a.4]

Newspaper Clipping: "1,000,000 Deaths Predicted From Past Nuclear Blasts," Saint Louis (Missouri) Dispatch, May 15, 1957. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.14]

Newspaper Clipping: "1,000,000 Deaths Predicted from Past Nuclear Blasts," St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 15, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.32]

Note from Professor Otto Hahn RE: Remembers a deceased colleague as a good friend and good person that will not be forgotten. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]

Program and Menu: Washington University, Meeting of Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi, May 15, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.35]

Program from the Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa and Sigma Xi at Washington University, in which LP makes a speech entitled, "Molecular Medicine" [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]

Program from the Eliot Honors Day assembly at Washington University, in which LP makes a speech entitled, "Science and the Modern World" [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]

Speech entitled "Science in the Modern World" for Washington University [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]

May 16 (St. Louis, MO)

Itinerary [handwritten]: Dallas; Southwestern Medical School, University of Texas [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]

Itinerary: leave St. Louis, arrive in Dallas at 12:30 PM; 4 PM lecture to students entitled "Antibodies" [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]

Letter from Ahlean Masters McClung to LP RE: Sends a copy of the article she wrote concerning atomic fallout, which she interviewed him for. Requests that he make any changes he thinks are needed and notifies him that the article will run in both Life and Esquire magazines. Provides names of other scientists she interviewed and organizations she contacted for information. Handwritten note in top right corner: "Ret'd 5/21/57" [Letter from LP to Ms. McClung April 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from Ann Butler Berner, to LP RE: Requests that LP run tests on some clay from a mine that she has just bought and that she believes will, by eating, give people long and vital lives. Also comments that she plans to build a hospital on the land for children and the aged. Includes an analysis she had done in December of 1929 and a letter she wrote in 1950 to members of Hollywood, which described her plans for the hospital. A handwritten note in the top margin of that letter states: "I am now going to build this in the Desert." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Franklyn M. Branley, Associate Astronomer, American Museum, to LP RE: Requests suggestions from LP on striking and impressive photos from scientific areas to go in a portfolio that the Museum is putting together. Handwritten note in top margin states: "To Prof. Corey to answer-I have no suggestion." [Letter from Robert Corey to Mr. Branley June 5, 1957, Letter from Mr. Branley to LP September 23, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Henry C. Reinhard to LP RE: Tells LP that he saw him on tv talking about fallout from atomic explosions. Asks if there are any similarities between taking a sunbath and the atomic fallout in terms of the exposure to the body. [Letter from the Executive Secretary of Gates and Crellin Laboratories to Reinhard, July 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]
Letter from LP to J. F. Angelly, The University of Montpellier, RE: Writes that he is looking forward to visiting Languedoc during the latter part of June and giving a lecture before the Faculty of Sciences. [Letter from Angelly to LP April 10, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.24]
Letter from Peter Pauling to Ava Helen Pauling. [Filed under LP Biographical: Box #5.043, Folder #43.1]

16-5-57

Dear Mamma,

I think you are home again and so I shall write. This week a wonderful box arrived full of jams and some lovely pyjamas. Thank you for them. We have not yet begun to eat the jams, but shall soon. They look lovely. I like the pyjamas, and Julia does too.

We are getting along well. Thomas has been somewhat unwell, having some bug to give him loose bowels, but otherwise is fine. One tooth has made an appearance. He is a fine and lovely boy. He cannot crawl yet or sit up.

I bought some bookshelves that fit in our hall and so we are getting neater and fitted in. We shall soon be tidy.

I hope you are coming to stay with us for a while this summer. I am looking forward to your doing so. There is sufficient room for all.

I should not be upset that Anita does not write and say she is passing through but cannot visit. I should think it is embarrassing to people who write only seldom to use their rare letters to advise that they cannot stop. The check was to pay the shipping charges on the Porsche as I remember, though I can look it up. It was in exchange for some Sterling that I gave Anita when she was there, so it really should be collected, I suppose.

Thank you for the Audios. I have asked for some commercial leaflets be sent to me and would appreciate your collecting them during the next few months and then sending them on in a bunch.

Love, Peter XXX

OOO

Letter from Peter Pauling to Linus Pauling. [Filed under LP Biographical: Box #5.043, Folder #43.1]

16 May 1957

Dear Daddy,

Thank you for the letter.

I have abandoned the ReCl₄ structures, I think. I have looked at Rb, Cs, and NH₄ and they have rather large cells. I have crystalized (CH₃)NReCl₄ -nH₂O, which is hexagonal bipyramids but expect a complicated structure, though I have not taken data. The xtals dry up.

I started to collect data on NI(NO₃)₂•2(ethylene)₃P, but Jack Dunitz had made an error and the cell was doubled.

That Co₂(CO)₈ you gave me has chiefly decomposed, leaving a disordered Co structure which I mentioned to you before. There are some small undecomposed xtals of Co₂(CO)₈ in the bottle. However, the structure has been done in 1953 by some Italians, rather poorly, but still enough to give the arrangement.

We have rounded up some xtals of dehydrated metal sulphates, and I have started work on CoSO₄. It is [orthorhombic] 8 x 6 x 5 Å. I shall take the projections on the Weissenberg at the Royal Institution, starting tomorrow. I shall try to crystallize large crystals of other sulphates, Cu, Ni, etc. / at present these are powders and do some work on them. Hack and I are pleased to find a short edge at last. Perhaps I can do one of the ReCl₄ ^- later.

We hope you will come stay with us this summer. You should have some time, between the glue conference and Paris. You should see [Haldane] before he leaves the 15^th.

We are well, more or less: Thomas is a little sick.

Much love from,

Peter

Memorandum from Dr. Richard W. Lippman to Dr. Stanley Wright RE: Outlines a proposed plan for the procedure for experiments with phenylalanine. [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder #89.14]

Receipt from American Committee on Africa, Inc to AHP for $5.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]

May 17 (Dallas, TX)

Article: "Leukemia and Ionizing Radiation," Science. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: The Biological Effects on Radiation, 948, 1950, 1955-1959), Box #7.015, Folder #15.9]

Check from AHP to Nieman-Marcus for $190.35. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]

Check from AHP to Nieman-Marcus for $894.15. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]

Itinerary [handwritten]: Dallas; Southwestern Medical School, University of Texas [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]

Itinerary: Noon lecture to medical faculty entitled (Abnormal Hemoglobins; evening Alpha Omega Alpha banquet, talk "Molecular Medicine" [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]

Journal Article: G. Dus, "Loaded Dice," Science, vol. 125, no. 3255, (May 17, 1957). [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.15]

Letter from Barry Commoner to LP, RE: Commoner is enclosing a list of the 79 people that letters were sent to. Commoner sent the letters via air mail and so LP should be receiving replies by the 20th and 21st. There are another 150 letters that could be sent and Commoner thinks it would be best if the letters had LP's personal signature. Commoner thanks LP for his visit to the Washington University campus. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]

Letter from Charles Coryell to LP, RE: Coryell is glad to add him name to LP's petition. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from David R. Inglis to LP RE: Says that though he thinks that nuclear tests should be stopped, his main reasons for thinking so are not listed on the petition. Says that he doesn't feel as though he should sign it. Handwritten note indicates it was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer , Folder 2.006]
Letter from Dr. Eric Ellenbogen, Chairman of the Biochemistry group, Pittsburgh Section of the ACS, to LP RE: Invites LP to speak at one of the sections' meetings in the upcoming year. [Letter from Ms. Wulf to Dr. Ellenbogen June 26, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Ellenbogen September 16, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (E: Correspondence, 1957), #112.23]
Letter from Dr. W.F. Libby, United States Atomic Energy Commission to Dr. E.B. Lewis, Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, cc: LP RE: Comments on Dr. Lewis' paper about Leukemia, stating that he should look at his assumptions about linearity again. [Letter from Dr. Libby to LP May 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Libby, W.F., 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960-1963, 1965), #217.2]
Letter from Dr. W.F. Libby, United States Atomic Energy Commission to LP RE: Explains that he wrote a letter to Dr. Lewis, commenting on his most recent paper, and that he thinks his assumption about linearity is the only "debatable point." Includes a copy of the letter. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Libby, W.F., 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960-1963, 1965), #217.2]
Letter from Edward M. Purcell to LP RE: Says he will not sign the Appeal and gives his reasons for not signing. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Hans A. Bethe to LP RE: Says that he does not want to sign the Appeal because he disagrees with the paragraph on radioactivity. Explains that he finds the arguments of Dr. Libby to be very convincing in this area and doesn't feel that fallout is a threat. Discusses other areas of the Appeal that he agrees and disagrees with. Handwritten note at top left corner includes mathematical equation. Handwritten note at bottom left, "ans'd." [Letter from LP to Bethe May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Margaret Goldsmith to LP RE: Returns the appeal sent to Professor Wilson because he is away on sabbatical and there wouldn't have been time to forward it. Gives LP his address if LP would like to send the Appeal directly to him. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Paul Sears to LP RE: Says that he doesn't feel able to sign the Appeal as it now stands, but suggests some alterations to the second paragraph that would allow him to sign. Handwritten note near bottom right, "Ans'd." [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Pete Bridgman to LP RE: Tells LP that he doesn't want to sign the Appeal because he thinks the real problem is war itself and he isn't sure that stopping nuclear tests is a first step toward preventing war. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Russell Johnson, Peace Education Secretary American Friends Service Committee to Friend, RE: Encloses petition again testing of nuclear weapons and excerpts from Dr. Albert Schweitzer. Asks that the petition be signed with 19 signatures and then returned as soon as possible with the reminder that the petition is not to take the place of personal letters about nuclear weapons tests addressed to the President and members of Congress. [Filed under LP Peace: (Assorted Peace Groups, Am), Box #4.009, Folder #9.4] [Also filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Solly Rubenstein, Chairman of the Coordinating Council of the Jewish Educational Center, to LP RE: Invites LP to be a guest speaker at their annual Brotherhood Week celebration on February 19th. Tells LP that the theme of the celebration is "Brotherhood in the Atomic Age." [Letter from LP to Rubenstein, May 23, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]
Letter from T.O. Jones, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Writes as a follow-up to their telephone conversation on May 17, 1957. Appreciates LP's willingness to prepare the exhibit on Chemical Bonds and the movie on Vibration States. Says that he encloses copies of a contract proposal form but there is a handwritten not on the side that indicates the copies were not enclosed. [Letter from Wulf to Jones May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.6]
Letter from W. H. Freeman to LP, RE: Explains that they are still looking at all the organic chemistry books in the process of being written before making a decision on which one to use in LP's series. Asks if LP has heard of Scott Searles, who is writing a book in this field and asks LP's opinion of his work. [Letter from LP to Freeman, June 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W. H. Freeman and Company, 1941-1959.), Box #439, Folder #439.15]
Letter from William V. Consolazio, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Thanks LP for the progress report for Grant NSF-G1189. [Letter from LP to Consolazio May 11, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.4]
Note from Charles Coryell to LP RE: Adds his name on the petition against bomb-testing, but would also like to highlight the problems that occur from bombs being used in warfare. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Coryell, Charles D., 1928, 1936-1941, 1945, 1948-1950, 1954, 1956-1958, 1960-1963, 1968-1970), #68.2]
Program: Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society, Gamma Chapter of Texas, Annual Banquet, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, May 17, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.42]
Reprint: "Leukemia and Ionizing Radiation," Science. [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials re: Nuclear Fallout; Radiation Hazards, 1957-1958), Box #7.002, Folder #2.2]
Telegram from Melita Apostol, General Manager of the Rumanian Radio, to LP RE: Tells LP that interest has been shown by listeners in Rumania in the cessation of atomic and nuclear tests. For this reason, Radio Rumania has decided to start and inquiry into this subject among scientists and politicians. Asks LP why men are interested in ending atomic and hydrogen bomb tests. Asks LP if he would join their inquiry. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]

May 18 (Dallas, TX)

Itinerary [handwritten]: Dallas; Southwestern Medical School, University of Texas [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Itinerary: leave Dallas at 5:45 PM, arrive in Los Angeles at 9:05 PM [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Dickinson W. Richard to LP RE: Says he feels he must decline from signing the Appeal because he does not know enough about the subject of nuclear weapons to do so. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Eugene Rabinowitch to LP, RE: Rabinowitch will not be able to sign LP's appeal. Rabinowitch is personally skeptical about the assumption that the cessation of tests is likely to become the fist step towards controlled nuclear disarmament. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from John T. Ward to LP, RE: Tells LP that as a consultant on nuclear engineering he has been asked by one of his clients for information regarding LP's statements about the effects of radioactive fall-out from aerial explosions. References several times that LP was quoted and asks LP if he could let him know where he would be able to find the entire texts of these remarks. [Letter from LP to Ward, May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1953-1959.), Box #444, Folder #444.5]
Letter from Laurence H. Snyder to LP, RE: Returns a copy of the petition with his signature. Says that he approves of the statement, but that he would suggest a few minor changes in wording if there was time. Also explains that he wants to stress that he is signing the statement as an individual and not as President of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Labeled number 49. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Newspaper Clipping: "Big Strides Ahead Seen for Medicine," Dallas (Texas) Morning News, May 18, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]

May 19

Letter from Farrington Daniels to LP, RE: Daniels feels that because the situation regarding nuclear testing is so complicated and involves many different factors, he will not be willing to sign LP's appeal. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Theodore T. Puck to LP RE: Says that he does not feel the Appeal is suitable for the situation, explains why he feels this way, and says he cannot sign it. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered in June and again in July. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Newspaper Clipping: "They Are Depending on You," New York Daily Worker, May 19, 1957. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.16]

May 20

Check from AHP to Pearl M. Jordan for $105.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from Berta Stern Kamm to LP, RE: Explains that she found LP's letter in her brother's mailbox and that he is in Zurich and will not be able to return the signed copy of the appeal fo awhile. She explains that she will send LP's letter to him in Switzerland. Handwritten note at bottom says "appeal sent again Nov. 11. 57." [Filed under LP Personal Safe, Drawer 2 Folder 2.030]
Letter from Dr. E.S. Lauzer to LP RE: Explains that researchers at the NIH are conducting some experiments on the same line as his so he hopes his cancer research will be continued by them, but he still feels LP is the best qualified person to carry out research. Agrees with his comments on the dangers of radioactivity, outlines his thoughts on the atom and its importance to life. Handwritten note in top right corner, "not to be answered." [Letter from Dr. Lauzer to LP November 12, 1956, Letter from LP to Dr. Lauzer March 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1957), #231.3]
Letter from E.B. Lewis to LP RE: Says that he would rather not sign the Appeal for reasons he indicated over the phone. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Felix Bloch to LP RE: Says that though he agrees with the sentiments expressed in the appeal to stop nuclear testing, he feels as if he can't add his name to it. The reason is that a line in the petition indicates that the signers have knowledge of the dangers involved and he doesn't have any factual knowledge about the dangers. Handwritten note indicates it was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2 , Folder 2.001]
Letter from G.W. Beadle to LP RE: Says the he does not feel he can sign the Appeal because he thinks the dangers of fallout are only a minor reason for stopping tests and he has no special knowledge about the other reasons. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2 , Folder 2.001]
Letter from Hans Gaffron to LP, RE: Gaffron regrets to say that he will not be signing LP's Appeal. Gaffron won't sign because he does not believe that the statement will be of much help in promoting the cause of stopping nuclear testing. [LP's Reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Harrison Brown to LP RE: Says that he would prefer not to sign the Appeal because he is trying to work the problems related to fallout and he thinks signing the Appeal would decrease his effectiveness. Tells LP that he agrees with it and hopes he hasn't made the wrong choice. Handwritten note indicates it was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Hugh Wolfe to LP, RE: Wolfe thanks LP for the materials on nuclear tests that were sent to him. Wolfe is not sure of the answer to the question of how much damage the atmosphere has sustained from contamination. Wolfe is also not prepared to endorse any statement that is based largely on the radiation damage issue. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from James Franck to LP RE: Tells LP that he does not feel he can sign the Appeal as a scientist. Also says his opinion of how to reach the goal of ending nuclear tests and weapons is different than LP's. Explains his views on the matter. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2 , Folder 2.001]
Letter from Joel Hildebrand to LP RE: Explains that he cannot sign the Appeal, and describes what the reasons are for that. Handwritten note at top left, "Category 4." Note at bottom, "not ans'd." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from John F. Enders to LP RE: Says that he cannot sign the Appeal because he is not convinced of the risk involved in testing nuclear weapons. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from John T. Edsall to LP RE: Says that he has certain questions to ask before signing the Appeal. Says that his major concern is with paragraph 2, and discusses why. Handwritten note indicates it was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Julia Pauling to Ava Helen Pauling. [Filed under LP Biographical: Personal & Family, Family Correspondence: Peter Pauling Box #5.043 Folder #43.1]

May 20th

Dear Mamma,

The jam arrived safe; we broached a jar of satsuma plum yesterday and it was delicious. Thank you very much for sending it. The pyjama packing was fine too. I thought they must be for Thomas, they were so pretty but when I had them unfolded they seemed a shade large, so I suppose I have to let Peter have them. He needs them anyway. His lovely nightshirt has had such a lot of wear that it is almost worn out.

Thomas is still a lonesome thing just like the corner of a knitting pattern. Old ladies murmur Ah the happy little soul as they pass him in the street. He has a new carriage, a folding chair, so that he can see the world about him as he rides. He has one tooth at last (since May 6^th) and it is fine and large, but no sign of any more. He has had a mild infection for two weeks; it did not make him sick but I had a terrible time cleaning up after him. Now he is quite better. He has beaten up the monkey you gave him at Christmas, and at last it has come right in two, but he still loves the head part. He untwists the wires and the bits of string fall out. The yellow bear is also the worse for wear; its head has come in two.

I have had signs of a gastric ulcer for the past few months but they seem to have gone away so the doctor does not think I should have an X-ray.

Peter is very well too, though we had too gay a party Friday night at some neighbours. He is getting so domesticated he cannot take the wild life any more, because he didn't drink much. We saw the new Dunitz baby last week, she is exactly like Jack. I think Barbara has rather too much to do with two of them, but she will be better off in Zurich.

Love to all,

Julia

Letter from LP to C.P. Ballard RE: At the moment, LP's research has no significance with respect to Ballard's daughter. Briefly explains his research in mental deficiency. LP will let Ballard know if anything is discovered that may help his daughter. [Letter from Ballard to LP May 13, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder 89.7]
Letter from LP to D. Had_i, Slovensko Kemijsko Društvo, RE: Writes that he returned the answered questionnaire and accepts Hadzi's invitation to come along on the mountain party Hadzi is leading in the Jugoslavian Alps. Also thanks Hadzi for telling him the sum that will be made available to cover his expenses. [Letter from LP to Hadzi March 29, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.28]
Letter from LP to Dorothy P. Horlander, National Institutes of Health, RE: Encloses a copy of his plane tickets and the completed Travel Reimbursement Form and mentions that it was nice to meet her in Bethesda. [Letter from Horlander to LP May 13, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.17]
Letter from LP to Dr. Andrew A. Recesi. [Letter from Recesi to LP, April 22, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R: Individual Correspondence, Raz-Reich), #328.3]

20 May 1957

Dr. Andrew A. Recsei

The Recsei Laboratories

47 Tabor Lane

Santa Barbara, California

Dear. Dr. Recsei:

I thank you for your letter.

I have talked about the carboxypeptidase with Dr. Schroeder. It has some value, but there is a serious disadvantage, in that it continues, during one experiment, to bite off the C-terminal amino acids - that is, it does not stop when it has bitten the first one off of one molecule, and then move on to a second molecule, and thus give you a preparation containing only the liberated amino acids that were originally at the end of the polypeptide chain, but instead always gives a mixture, the first, some of the second, and so on. I suppose that it might be useful in telling you, as you suggest, which amino acids there are between the C-terminal end and the nearest proline.

It was a pleasure to see you and Mrs. Recsei again.

Sincerely yours,

Linus Pauling:W

Letter from LP to Dr. Arthur Samuels, University of Colorado Medical Center RE: Declines his request to submit his manuscript to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Outlines the reasons why. Encourages him to continue his research until he has reached a definite conclusion. [Letter from Dr. Samuels to LP May 7, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from LP to Dr. E.W Hughes, California Institute of Technology RE: Submits a manuscript entitled "The Use of Atomic Radii in the Discussion of Interatomic Distances and Lattice Constants of Crystals" for publication in Acta Crystallographica. [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1957a.4]
Letter from LP to Dr. Leopold May, Instructor of Psychiatry, University of Maryland RE: Suggests that he read a paper by R.B. Corey published in Fortschritte der Chemie Organische Naturstoffe which discusses the structure of alanine. [Letter from Dr. May to LP May 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from LP to Dr. Menard M. Gertler, Chairman, Symposium on Cardiac Failure, New York Academy of Sciences RE: Thanks him for the honor of being invited to speak but declines because he does not feel that he knows enough about physiology and especially cardiac failure to give a lecture on its possible causes. [Letter from Dr. Gertler to LP May 7, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957), #141.1]
Letter from LP to Dr. Oscar Janiger, Coordinator of Mental Health Training, College of Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons RE: Accepts the invitation to speak but suggests they wait until fall, when he is back from his trip to Europe, to finalize the date and time. Notifies him that he does not have a lot to talk about in the field of psychological illness and usually speaks about the molecular basis of mental illness. [Letter from Dr. Janiger to LP May 5, 1957, Letter from Dr. Janiger to LP September 24, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Janiger October 16, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (J: Correspondence, 1957), #192.23]
Letter from LP to Dr. Paul N. Schatz, Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia RE: Apologizes for not being able to visit the university while on the east coast. [Letter from Beatrice Wulf to Dr. Schatz April 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]
Letter from LP to Dr. R.R. Newell, Stanford University School of Medicine RE: Agrees with him that the first importance of stopping the atom bomb tests is to avert another world war but believes that it is important to also remember the effects of the tests on the general population and future generations. Informs him that his projection of the number of leukemia deaths is based on work by Professor E.B. Lewis. States he does not understand the reason behind his footnote about smoking because he also believes in the dangers of smoking. [Letter from Dr. Newell to LP May 3, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (N: Correspondence, 1957), #288.1]
Letter from LP to Edward Friel, Security Painting & Decorating Company RE: Suggests that he continue with his ideas by contacting the Bureau of Standards, specifically Dr. Wallace Brode. Draws attention to a few mistakes including one with the mixture of graphs. [Letter from Mr. Friel to LP March 17, 1956, Letter from LP to Mr. Friel March 22, 1956, Letter from Mr. Friel to LP April 30, 1957, Letter from Mr. Friel to LP May 28, 1957, Letter from Mr. Friel to LP December 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (F: Correspondence, 1957), #129.1]
Letter from LP to G. Stainsby, British Gelatine and Glue Research Association, RE: Thanks Stainsby for arranging their accommodation and says that he will send a manuscript for his lecture sometime before June 10. [Letter from Stainsby to LP May 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.25]
Letter from LP to Hans Bethe RE: Responds to some of the problems Bethe had with the Appeal. [Letter from Bethe to LP May 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from LP to Leonard Engel RE: States meeting with him the morning of June 11 as requested would be satisfactory. Provides meeting time and states the times mentioned for August would be satisfactory as well. [Letter from Leonard Engel to LP May 13, 1957] [Letter from Leonard Engel to LP May 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.3]
Letter from LP, to Howard Berg, Carlsberg Laboratory RE: Thanks him for his letting catching LP up on all he is doing and congratulates Mr. Berg on receiving a scholarship from Harvard Medical School. Also asks that if Mr. Berg knows someone from his lab with a good medical background that is interested in research to let LP know because Cal Tech is looking for someone like that to fill a position in the chemistry department. [Letter from Mr. Berg to LP April 27, 1957, Letter from Mr. Berg to LP August 27, 1957, Letter from LP to Mr. Berg September 11, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Miss Bernice Chandler to LP RE: Requests a copy of his statement against atomic testing for a scrapbook she is making about the atomic bomb. Informs him that she has made others about the bomb and about World War II and has dedicated all of them to the 350 students and faculty that died at the Hiroshima Girls School in 45. Handwritten note in bottom left margin of first page indicates that a copy of a statement from the NY Herald-Tribune was sent to her on 5/27/57. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Letter from Vincent du Vigneaud to LP RE: Says that he is not qualified to judge the dangers of fallout from nuclear testing and would rather not sign the Appeal. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from the Gentlemen at the Registrar, Annamalai University, to LP RE: Asks LP to review a doctoral thesis by a student at the university and report back his evaluation of it. Also enclosed is a copy of the requirements for being awarded a doctorate. [Letter from LP to Gentlemen May 29, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Correspondence, 1957), #12.23]
Memo from LP to Dr. Lippman, Dr. Schroeder, and Dr. Wright Re: States Mr. Leonard Engel has been asked by the Ford Foundation to prepare a report to them on the work and will be in Pasadena around August 14 or 15 and would like to meet with them. [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.3]
Memorandum from Dr. Richard W. Lippman to Dr. Stanley W. Wright RE: Explains how they will alter procedures for the phenylalanine tolerance tests. [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder #89.14]

May 21

Check from AHP To Alumni Association California Institute of Technology for $4.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to C.S.G.E. for $10.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to Good Foods for $13.20. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to Southern Counties Gas Company for $8.81. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Letter from Bown C. Dees, National Science Foundation to LP RE: LP has been listed as the Scientific Advisor and/or Departmental Chairman under which some National Science Foundation Fellows will be studying while they receive their award. Attached is a list of those who listed LP as their Advisor. Asks that LP send in the required forms so that they can begin paying out the awards. [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Correspondence, 1947, 1951-1989), Box #14.029, Folder #29.4]
Letter from Dr. Gary Felsenfeld to LP RE: Asks for advice about two jobs, one in Denver, which he hasn't heard about and wants to know if he should contact them or continue to wait, and one in Pittsburgh, where he would likely be made an assistant professor and work six years before reaching tenure but could be made an associate professor and only have to wait three. Inquires after whether he should negotiate for the higher position if he does take the job at the University of Pittsburgh. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Felsenfeld, Gary, 1954-1957, 1960-1964, 1981, 1984, 1986), #119.3]
Letter from Ernest C. Pollard to LP RE: Says that he must decline to sign the Appeal because he is supposed to testify before Congress to give objective scientific criticism and suggestions to the Joint Committee on the day the Appeal is supposed to be released. Tells LP that he feels having his name associated with the petition would not be a good idea. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Harry G. Day, Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, to LP RE: Requests his thoughts on one of his former students, Kenneth Hedberg, who is being considered for a job at the university. [Letter from LP to Dr. Day, May 27, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1957), #98.22]
Letter from LP to Dr. Felix Marti Ibanez, President, MD Publications, Inc RE: Notifies him that he only recently received a copy of the MD magazine and had wondered whether it had started and whether he was still on the Editorial Board. Requests copies of issues published so far, as well as that they make sure that he receives them from now on so that he can stay on top of the editorial policy. [Letter from Dr. Ibanez to LP January 31, 1957, Letter from Dr. Ibanez to LP] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from LP to Dr. George M. Guest, The Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Ohio RE: Outlines his and AHP's plans for the summer, where they will be when and what they are doing. States they may run into one another at the Pasteur Institute and that he looks forward to seeing him. [Letter from Dr. Guest to LP May 14, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (G: Correspondence, 1957), #141.1]
Letter from LP to Earl Ubell, New York Herald Tribune RE: Expresses his gladness at being able to write the statement. Declines to accept the honorarium and gives his two reasons why, he felt it a matter of duty to write and intends to use it again. Original manuscript of the statement included in file. [Letter from Mr. Ubell to LP May 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1957a.3]
Letter from LP to Miss Mary D. Alexander RE: Encloses the manuscript "Equilibrium Sedimentation of Macromolecules in Density Gradients" by Matthew Meselson, Franklin W. Stahl, and Jerome Vinograd for publication in the Proceedings. [Filed under LP Science: (National Academy of Sciences, 1955-1969), Box #14.021, Folder #21.2]
Letter from LP to Mr. John T. Ward, RE: Encloses a copy of the statement that he made to the New York Herald - Tribune two weeks prior. Tells Ward that he may be interested in the study of Professor E. B. Lewis on leukemia and radiation published in the current issue of SCIENCE. Informs Ward that he has not done any original work on the biological effects of radiation, but that he just has a competence in interpreting the work that they have done in the field because of his experience in other fields of science. Notes that his statement in Chicago about the number of deaths caused by leukemia from radiation follow the figures given by Professor Lewis. [Letter from Ward to LP, May 19, 1957] [Letter from Ward to LP, May 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1953-1959.), Box #444, Folder #444.5]
Letter from LP to President H.S. Rogers of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn RE: Tells Rogers that he can not accept his invitation to the June 11th dinner because he will be on his way to Europe at that time. [Letter from Rogers to LP, May 13, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]
Letter from LP to Professor K. Venkateswarlu, Annamalai University, RE: Tells Venkateswarlu that he is interested to learn about the work of Mr. Srinaman, but he can not accept the invitation to be an examiner because he will be traveling in Europe for 3 months. [Letter from Venkateswarlu to LP, May 12, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (V: Correspondence, 1933-1969), Box #427, Folder #427.17]
Letter from Oscar Janiger, College of Osteopathic Physician and Surgeons, to LP. RE: Pleased that he will be able to speak to them in the fall. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (J: Correspondence, 1958) #192.24]
Letter from Thomas Weller to LP RE: Says that he doesn't feel able to sign the Appeal and gives his reasons for this. Tells LP that he does hope the Appeal is successful however. Handwritten note indicates that the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Wulf, Secretary to LP to Dr. T.O. Jones, National Science Foundation RE: Wulf writes to tell Jones that the contract proposal forms were not enclosed with his previous letter and asks that he please send them. [Letters from Jones to LP May 17, 1957, May 23, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.6]
Memo to Foster Strong, G. W. Beadle, H. F. Bohnenblust, J. L. Greenstein, R. B. Leighton, F. C. Lindvall, LP, R. P. Sharp, and H. D. Smith from E. C. Watson, RE: Informs them that the Faculty Board at its last meeting authorized the appointment of a special committee on Freshman Honors Work. Hopes that they will be willing to serve or will suggest a substitute from their Division. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1953-1959), Box #444, Folder #444.5]
Memorandum from Beatrice Wulf, Secretary to LP to Jerry Vinograd RE: Asks if he has received permission from the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis to acknowledge them in his article "Equilibrium Sedimentation of Macromolecules in Density Gradients." Says that he needs to send them a copy of the manuscript and ask how many reprints they want. [Filed under LP Science: (National Academy of Sciences, 1955-1969), Box #14.021, Folder #21.2]
Note from Dr. John Morrison, Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta to LP RE: Notifies him that he is applying for a new position at the University of Toronto, specifically at the Connaught Medical Research Laboratories, and used his name for a reference. Asks to also use his name if he applies to the University of Manchester. Includes a copy of an article in Nature which Dr. Morrison wrote. [Letter from LP to Dr. Morrison May 27, 1957, Letter from LP to the Gentlemen at Connaught May 27, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Note from James Howard to LP RE: Believes LP's research on mental illness is brilliant and revolutionary. Asks LP if there is any place outside his research were work he could have a mental illness case could be analyzed. [Letter from LP to Howard May 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder 89.7]

May 22

Check from AHP to Arnold's Hardware for $3.51. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to Marianne Gold Littman for $200.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from Charles Sadron, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, to LP RE: Written in French. Writes that he is looking forward to meeting LP when he arrives in France. [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.23]
Letter from Charles Sandron, Le Directeur du Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolecules, to LP [in French] RE: requesting that LP change is arrival date in France to June 11th or 12th [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Frederick C. Robbins to LP RE: Says that he agrees with the Appeal to stop bomb testing, but he doesn't feel he has enough scientific knowledge to sign it. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Irving L. Branch, Colonel, USAF, Chief of Staff, to LP RE: Expresses the concern of some of their scientific personnel on the effects of ionizing radiation administered to personnel. Asks if LP would be willing to meet with three officers from headquarters to discuss this topic more. [Letter from LP to Colonel Branch June 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from LP to F. Gallais, University of Toulouse, RE: Encloses a biographical sketch of himself, as Gallais requested. Confirms his travel plans and suggests that his talk be on the subject of Abnormal Hemoglobin Molecules in Relation to Disease. [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.23]
Letter from LP to Kenneth F. Felt RE: Returns a proposal and notifies him he does not want to be in a corporation formed solely for raising money and he prefers books to outlines as well as books written by one author and not a committee. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (F: Correspondence, 1957), #129.1]
Letter from LP to Peter Briggs, Ladies' Home Journal, RE: Has made an effort to prepare a manuscript on the goals of biochemistry, but so far without success. Leaves in a few weeks for France; will be in Europe for three months this summer. Cannot write the article before or during the trip. [Letter from Peter Briggs to LP October 2, 1956, Letter from Peter Briggs to LP May 24, 1957] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1956a.5]
Letter from Warren Weaver to LP RE: Says that he doesn't want to sign the Appeal because he does not think that the time has come when it is practical to stop nuclear testing. Handwritten note at top right, "not ans'd." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Memorandum from LP to Committee on Sponsored Research RE: LP proposes to apply for a grant not over $2,000 to cover the expense of supervising the preparation a film on molecular vibrations by John Sutherland Productions. [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.6]

May 23

Check from AHP to Carey of California for $55.64. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from AHP to Nelson Mattress Company for $35.44. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from F. Gallais, Toulouse University, to The Gates and Crellin Laboratories RE: Requests a biographical sketch of LP, since he is coming to Toulouse University to receive the badges of the "doctorat honoris causa." [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.23]
Letter from George M. Guest to LP, RE: Guest is enclosing an itinerary that he and his wife plan to follow while in France. Guest hopes that he and LP's paths will cross. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Jonas E. Salk to LP RE: Says that he took the liberty to make revisions to the copy of the Appeal that LP sent him. Discusses what he thinks these changes would do and how they would help improve the impact of the Appeal. Expresses hope that his copy will not reach LP too late. Handwritten note at top left, "non-signer." [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from LP to Mr. Solly Rubenstein, Jewish Educational Center, RE: Tells Rubenstein that he can not accept his invitation to be a guest speaker at their annual Brotherhood Week celebration on February 19th because he will most likely be away from Pasadena that day. [Letter from Rubenstein to LP, May 17, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (R:Correspondence, 1955-1959), #341.3]
Letter from Marshall Gates, Assistant Editor, Journal of the American Chemical Society, to LP RE: Requests his review of a manuscript submitted for publication in the journal. Includes a copy of LP's review, in which he recommends publication. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Chemical and Engineering News, 1947-1958, 1968-1969, 1975, 1979-1980, 1988), #70.3]
Letter from Maxwell Stewart Editor Public Affairs Pamphlet to LP, RE: The Public Affairs Committee would like to prepare a pamphlet dealing with the hazards of atomic radiation. However, they had asked C.J. Mosbacher Jr. To prepare the pamphlet, but he has declined. Stewart is asking if LP can suggest anyone who might be able to help them prepare a pamphlet. Stewart had naturally thought of LP first, but if LP can't then maybe LP could suggest someone. [LP's reply May 31, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials, re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961), Box #7.007, Folder #7.1]
Letter from Robert B. Brode to LP RE: Says that he agrees with the sentiments expressed in the appeal to stop nuclear testing, but that he can't sign due to the present argument which bears on analysis of genetic damage. Tells LP that he isn't qualified in that subject and to sign the appeal would be assuming scientific competence in an area that he isn't competent in. Handwritten note indicates it was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from T.O. Jones, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Encloses copies of a suggested contract proposal form. Any questions LP has can be directed either to him or to Robert L. Butenhoff. [Letter from Wulf to Jones May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.6]
Letter from Virginia P McVicker to LP RE: Thanks him for the booklet that he sent her. Asks again if she can visit during June to present her demonstration. [Letter from Ms. Wulf to Ms. McVicker June 14, 1957, Letter from Ms. McVicker to Ms. Wulf June 27, 1957, Letter from Ms. McVicker to Ms. Wulf August 23, 1957, Letter from LP to Ms. McVicker October 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Newspaper Clipping: "Lewis, Pauling, Beadle, Add to Nuclear Bomb Controversy," California Institute of Technology (Pasadena) California Tech, May 23, 1957. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.17]

May 24

Check from AHP to Raymond J. Pfau for $69.30. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from LP to Peter Pauling for $500.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Letter from Barry Commoner to Herbert Jehle, RE: LP has asked that Commoner send Jehle 200 copies of the Appeal and a list of the individuals who have also received copies of the Appeal. Commoner reminds Jehle that LP is asking that the Appeals be signed and returned by June 1. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Barry Commoner to LP, RE: Commoner mailed via airmail about 300 letters and copies of the appeal to about 100 different institutions. Commoner hopes that this will get some more signatures for the appeal. Commoner has also sent a copy of the enclosed list of addressed to Dr. Jehle. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Dr. Felix Marti Ibanez, President, MD Publications, Inc to LP RE: Expresses distress at the fact that he had not been getting his copies of MD, comments that he will check with the company responsible for mailing out the magazine to make sure that they are sending a copy to him. Sends copies of issues already published and expresses regret that this situation has occurred. [Letter from Dr. Ibanez to LP January 31, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Ibanez May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from J. Howard McMillen, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Asks LP to review the proposal, P-3265 submitted by Raymond Pepkinsky. [Review of Proposal P-3265 by LP 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Correspondence, 1947, 1951-1989), -Box #14.029, Folder #29.4]
Letter from Jerome Davis to LP, RE: Davis thinks that LP's statement is great, unfortunately the leaflet has already gone to press. Davis suggests that they might run it later separately. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from John T. Ward to LP, RE: Thanks LP for his reply to his inquiry about LP's statement concerning the biological effects of radiation and says that he will read Professor Lewis's remarks published in Science. Handwritten note at the top says, "File not to answer." [Letter from LP to Ward, May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (W: Correspondence, 1953-1959.), Box #444, Folder #444.5]
Letter from Kirtley Mather, Professor of Geology Harvard University to LP, RE: Mather is in great sympathy with LP's Appeal but does not think that it is exactly the sort of document that he would like to sign. It seems to Mather that the resolution by the Federation of American Scientists is more in line with his thoughts. Specifically, Mather sees no hope for the success of a campaign that is calling for the banning of "all nuclear weapons" because nuclear weapons designed for tactical use are now part of the arsenal. It is the megaton bombs designed for strategic warfare that Mather feels need to be banned. [Handwritten not in margin "he signed later"] [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from LP to G. Dupouy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, RE: Writes to tell Dupouy that he and AHP will be arriving in Paris a few days earlier and asks which hotel Dupouy made a reservation at for them. [Letter from LP to Dupouy May 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.23]
Letter from LP to G. Dupouy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, RE: changing LP and AHP's flight schedule from June 15th to June 11 [Letter from LP to Dupouy dated May 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from LP to Peter Pauling. [Filed under LP Biographical: Box #5.043, Folder #43.1]

24 May 1957

Dear Peter:

I am pleased to learn about the progress that you have been making in the study of your crystals. It reminds me of my beginning efforts, in the fall of 1922. I started growing crystals of various sorts with special emphasis on cable crystals, as soon as I became a graduate student, and during the next three or four months I must have grown a score or more of different kinds of crystals, none of them turning out to be satisfactory for x-ray examination with the techniques available at that time.

Your work on dehydrated methyl sulfates may well turn out to have considerable interest. I hope that you continue with it. I surmise that your anhydrous COSO₄ may well have the same structure as NiSO₄ as described by P. I. Dimaris in the last ACTA, 10, 313 (1957). This is an interesting structure. With the stoichiometry what it is, nickel can have on octahedral arrangement of six oxygens around it only by having half the oxygens form two bonds with nickel and half form only one bond. The difference in bond strengths shows up in a difference in distances, 2.06 Å and 1.99 Å, respectively. I would think that the differences might be somewhat more different from one another.

I have a suggestion to make to you. In October 1922 I decided to prepare some anhydrous mixed sulfate. Frederic R. Mallet, J. Chem. Sec.77, 216, and 81, 1550, had reported that half a dozen mixed sulfates(2 MgSO₄•K₂SO₄, the same with Zn, Mn, Ni, and Co, and also 2MgSO₄•RbSO₄) form octahedral crystals. Moreover, tetrahedral crystals are formed by MgSO₄•K₂SO₄, and similar ones with Ma, Ni, and Co in place of Mg, and with Rb and Tl in place of K. In addition, anisotropic crystals are formed with compositions such as Rb₂SO₄•2 MnSO₄. About 15 or 20 different compositions are reported as corresponding to these anisotropic crystals.

On 21 October 1922 I melted together 6.30 g of MgSO₄ and 9.125g of K₂SO₄ in a 20 cc porcelain crucible put in an electric crucible furnace, and allowed the melt to cool slowly. Some rather poorly formed tetrahedral crystals were obtained. On 23 October and 25 October I melted together nickel sulfate and potassium sulfate in the 1:1 ratio and obtained some small transparent yellow crystals that seemed to be tetrahedra. The composition of these crystals was presumably K₂Ni(SO₄)². On 23 October 1922 I also made a melt corresponding to K₂Co(SO₄)², over a Bunsen burner, allowed the melt to cool rather slowly, and then broke it open. There were some long needles, 5 mm long, and also a few tetrahedra. On 25 October 1922 I melted together nickel sulfate and potassium sulfate in composition corresponding to K₂Ni₂ (SO₄)³ (23.65 g of NiSO₄ and 13.40 g of K₂SO₄), and allowed the mixture to cool slowly, by slowly cutting down the voltage on the electric furnace. A yellow crystalline mass was obtained, with a druse containing crystals with edges as large as 2 mm, and with striated faces. I measured some of the crystal angles, obtaining 70 degrees 32 minutes and 54 degrees 48 minutes, only 2 minutes off from the theoretical for a cubic crystal. On 28 October I made an x-ray photograph, using radium radiation, and with a calcite crystal for calibration, and decided that the edge of the cubic unit was 9.808 Å. A Laue photograph taken on 31 October showed that there were no planes of symmetry, so that the point group symmetry had to be T or T. The space groups seemed to be T₁T₁ or T₄. There would be 8 nickel atoms, 3 potassium atoms, and 12 sulfate groups in the cube. I did not continue the investigation, but it seems to me that it should be possible to determine the structure of these crystals, inasmuch as isomorphous substitution could be resorted to in both the nickel position and the potassium position (putting in rubidium), and it seems to me that it would be well worth while to have a complete structure determination of these crystals. Yon might find the tetrahedral crystals with composition such as K₂Ni(SO₄)² interesting, also. I made no x-ray studies on these crystals. Also, it might be worth while to look at some of the crystals of lower symmetry. I should think that a study of all of these anhydrous double sulfates would make a fine thesis. The octahedral crystal and the tetrahedral crystal, after one example had had its structure determined, could be studied by just powder diagrams for the other representatives.

Mama and I are looking forward to seeing you and the family. We probably shall fly from southern France to London on Friday 28 June, possibly not until Saturday 29 June. We propose to go up to Cambridge on the train on the morning of Monday 1 July. I am to speak at 4:30 P.M. at the opening ceremony of the British Gelatine and Glue Association meeting. We shall stay there until 4 July, and then go directly back to Paris. The formal dinner of the meeting is Wednesday evening. We look forward to seeing you.

Much love from

Linus Pauling

Letter from Loenard Engel to LP RE: Thanks for the letter and looks forward to meeting him on June 11. [Letter from LP to Leonard Engel May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.3]
Letter from Marie Oddo to LP RE: Thanks him for sending a copy of The Nature of the Chemical Bond and informs him that her father died two years ago, which is why she is responding. States that it was a pleasure to meet him at Bryn Mawr College. [Letter from LP to Professor Oddo February 4, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (O: Correspondence, 1957), #300.19]
Letter from Paul Doty to LP, RE: As Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Federation of American Scientists, Doty does not feel that he should sign LP's appeal at this time. Doty hopes that LP will understand his reason for withholding his signature. Stan Livingston, a member of the committee, has completed a draft of a statement to be circulated to congressmen, Doty is enclosing a copy of it for LP. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Peter Briggs, Ladies' Home Journal, to LP RE: Hopes LP and AHP enjoy their trip to Europe. Perhaps LP will consider writing the article after he returns. [Letter from LP to Peter Briggs May 22, 1957] [Filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1956a.5]
Letter from R.C. Croft to LP RE: Requests a meeting with LP to discuss some unusual forms of bonding when he comes to LA for a visit from Australia. [Letter from Dr. Croft to LP June 7, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Newspaper Clipping: "Pauling to Talk at Westside CC," California Jewish Press, May 24, 1957. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.33]

May 25

Journal Article: "The Molecular Basis of Disease," Medical Science, vol. 1, no. 10, (May 25, 1957): 23-26. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.18]
Letter from Dora E. Young, The Helen Hay Whitney Foundation to LP RE: Encloses a $1,250 check for the second-half of his annual honorarium as a member of their Scientific Advisory Committee. Discusses future payments and tax issues. [Filed under LP Science: Helen Hay Whitney Foundation—Scientific Advisory Committee: Correspondence 1954-1959: Box #15.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Kaoru Yasui Director, Japan Council Against A&H Bombs to LP, RE: The council invites LP to join them for the 3rd World Conference Against A & H Bomb and for Disarmament to be held August 6th through the 16th in Tokyo. The Council requests a reply by July 15. [Filed under LP Peace: (Japan Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, 1957-1965, 1991), Box #4.008, Folder #8.1]
Letter from LP to Colleague, RE: LP is attaching his Appeal which he plans to make public on or about June 3, 1957. LP is urging that colleagues in the area of science and medicine join as signers acting as individuals. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1, also filed under LP Manuscripts of Articles: 1957a.7]
Letter from Walter Strong to LP RE: States he doesn't know of any papers specifically supporting his thesis that improper food may be an important cause of mental illness but quotes various books and papers which mention the thought. Also discusses some of his work with ailing persons and invited LP to come to Long Beach and work with him on the thought. [Letter from LP to Walter Strong May 15, 1957] [Letter from LP to Walter Strong June 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.088, Folder #88.13]

May 26

Letter from Professor Josef L. Hromádka to LP RE: Requests a short greeting about peace that can be read during the 15th anniversary commemoration of the tragedy at the village of Lidice in Czechoslovakia. Provides background on the tragedy, Nazi's destroyed the whole village, killing all the men and sending all the women to concentration camps, as well as information on the "Rose Garden of Friendship and Peace" that was developed as a memorial. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (H: Correspondence, 1957), #167.2]
Letter from Rosalyn Schuldenfrei, Southland Jewish Organization to LP RE: Regrets that he will not be able to speak at their birthday celebration but requests that he write something to be put in the organization's yearbook. Handwritten note in top right corner: "not to be answered." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (S: Correspondence, 1957), #380.1]

May 27

Check from LP to Mrs. Thomas C. Evans for $750.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Letter from A. I. Oparin, Institute of Biochemistry, to LP RE: Informs LP that all American scientists have received financial support for their travel and that the Academy of Sciences will help pay for LP and AHP as well. Also asks where he would like to obtain a visa. [Letter from LP to Oparin May 8, 1957, Letter from LP to Oparin June 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s2.1]
Letter from K. S. Pitzer to LP RE: Says that he cannot sign the Appeal because he doesn't think the risks from testing bombs are that great. Explains that he worked for the Atomic Energy Commission and that the Commission was concerned about the same issues before there was a public debate. States that he thinks the real concern should be war, not testing and that the Appeal might actually increase the likelihood of war. Handwritten note indicates it was answered. Labeled number 1. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Katherine Bruner to LP, RE: Professor Wald received LP's copies of the Appeal while he was in Europe as such Bruner is using this letter to explain why LP will not see Wald's signature among the documents. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from LP to Dr. John L. Morrison, Professor, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta RE: States he is pleased to serve as a reference for him. Notifies him that he has written a letter of recommendation to be sent to Connaught Medical Research Laboratories at the University of Toronto when they ask for it, or if they do not, it will be sent next week. Comments that if he decides to apply, the same letter will be sent to University of Manchester. [Note from Dr. Morrison to LP May 21, 1957, Letter from LP to the Gentlemen at Connaugt May 27, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from LP to Gentlemen, Connaught Medical Research Laboratories RE: Recommends Dr. John L. Morrison for a position at the lab. Comments that he is a good physical chemist with an interest in biological issues as well as someone who works well with other people. [Note from Dr. Morrison to LP May 21, 1957, Letter from LP to Dr. Morrison May 27, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (M: Correspondence, 1957), #257.2]
Letter from LP to Harry G. Day, Chairman, Department of Chemistry, Indiana University RE: Recommends Kenneth Hedberg for a position as a professor at the university, stating that he is a good teacher, has had good training, and will do a good job. [Letter from Dr. Day to LP May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (D: Correspondence, 1957), #98.22]
Letter from LP to James Howard RE: Informs Howard that his work centers on researching mental deficiency and does not focus on mental illness—in order for them to work towards mental illness. [Note from Howard to LP May 21, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Orthomolecular Medicine and Mental Health: Materials re: Ford Foundation grants for the study of mental disorders, 1955-1956: Box #11.089, Folder 89.7]
Letter from LP to Mr. Charles V. Zoul, RE: Informs Zoul that he does not know anyone who would be suited to polish Zoul's manuscript for publication. Tells Zoul that he thinks the Reinhold Book Co. should advise him on this point. [Letter from Zoul to LP, No Date] [Filed under LP Correspondence: Z: Correspondence, 1940-1980.), Box #468, Folder #468.13]
Letter from LP to Paul Hedrick RE; Writes to thanks for his letter and will take advantage of his offer in the future should the need arise. [Letter from Paul Hedrick December 23, 1956] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.089, Folder #89.6]
Letter from Leo Szilard to LP RE: Tells LP that he was very interested in the Appeal, but that he declined to sign it. Says he will explain his reasons the next time he sees LP. Discusses his potential plans to fly out to Pasadena, and asks when LP will be leaving for Europe. Talks about his plans to attend a meeting in Canada in July and expresses regret that LP will not be able to attend. Handwritten note on top right, "not ans'd." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Michael Kasha to Charles Coryell RE: Says that he wrote a letter to LP explaining why he can't support it. Asks Coryell to settle a question about fallout that was opened by Willard Libby. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Michael Kasha to LP RE: Explains that he and the staff members at Florida State University approve of the theme of the petition, but that they are reluctant to sign. Explains why they are reluctant and what could be changed about the petition to get them to sign. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered 21 July. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2 , Folder 2.001]
Letter from Milton Burton to LP, RE: Burton is glad to circulate LP's Appeal however, Burton himself will not be signing the Appeal. Burton is refusing to sign because he does not feel that the information in the appeal is unprejudiced. While he agrees with the substance and the conclusions of the overall appeal, Burton does not feel sufficiently well informed to make a scientific conclusion. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Miriam F. Bennett, Chairman, Committee on the Symposium at Sweet Briar College, to LP RE: Invites LP to be the general coordinator of the college's symposium the following year. Indicates that his duties would be to introduce speakers, conduct panel sessions, and summing up the symposium on the last day and that it would be a three day event. Asks if LP is not able to attend all three days if he would be able to speak during the symposium. [Letter from LP to Professor Bennett June 11, 1957, Letter from Professor Bennett to LP October 4, 1957, Letter from LP to Professor Bennett October 8, 1957, Letter from Professor Bennett to LP October 11, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Letter from Salome Gluecksohn-Waelsch to LP, RE: Encloses the Appeal by American Scientists with some signatures from the faculty at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Handwritten note labels it number 22. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Shirley Supnick, Editorial Assistant, Children Limited, to George Tarjan, Superintendent, Pacific State Hospital, [later given to LP by Mr. Tarjan], RE: States she would be grateful for details of LP's research. Encloses copy of the February 1957 issue. [Letter from George Tarjan to LP June 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Science: Box #11.089, Folder #89.3]
Memorandum from LP to the Committee on Sponsored Research RE: Submits his proposal for a grant from the NSF, not exceeding $5,000, for the supervision of an exhibit on the chemical bond. [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Grants, Exhibits, 1954-1964), Box #14.030, Folder #30.6]
Newspaper Clipping: "25 Scientists Petition for Halting of Atom Tests," Washington Post, May 27, 1957. [Filed under LP Newspaper Clippings: 1957n.19]

May 28

Award: Académie Nationale de Médecine, Medal, May 28, 1957. [Includes correspondence] [Filed under LP Awards & Honors: 1957h.2]
Letter from B. P. Sonnenblick to LP, RE: Explains that he just received the petition the day before and that due to time was only able to quickly get 3 other signatures that he is enclosing. Says that he will keep the copy of the petition to try and get more signatures. Says that only one doctor he approached refused to sign. Includes an attached index card dated May 27, 1957 explaining that he just go the petition and that he wants his signature attached. Says he will approach people the next day to get more. Letter is labeled number 51. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Edward Friel, Security Painting & Decorating, to LP RE: Thanks him for his suggestions, notifies him that he has already been in contact with Deane B. Judd from the Bureau of Standards and explains his method of explanation of colors to people in an effort to defend his graphs. Includes a copy from Dr. Judd to Mr. Friel about the paper. [Letter from Mr. Friel to LP March 17, 1956, Letter from LP to Mr. Friel March 22, 1956, Letter from Mr. Friel to LP April 30, 1957, Letter from LP to Mr. Friel May 20, 1957, Letter from Mr. Friel to LP December 9, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (F: Correspondence, 1957), #129.1]
Letter from Felix Haurowitz, RE: Haurowitz has received LP's appeal to governments to stop the testing of nuclear bombs. Haurowitz would like to explain why he did not sign the appeal. He did not sign it because he does not want to make an agreement just for the sake of politics. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Fritz Lipmann to LP RE: Says that he feels that he cannot sign the Appeal because he is not able to assess the true danger of nuclear tests. Also says that it might dilute the issue in a way. Handwritten note at bottom left, "Ans'd." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from Heinrich Waelsch to LP, RE: Sends the signatures collected at the New York State Psychiatric Institute. Labeled number 54. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Henry Linschitz to LP, RE: Encloses a copy of the Appeal by American Scientists with several signatures and expresses his strong agreement with the viewpoint of the petition. Handwritten note labels it number 35. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from I. Fankuchen to LP, RE: Sends a copy of the Appeal with his signature and those of some of his colleagues. Handwritten note, "Ans'd 23 July." Labeled number 59. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Louis Levin, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Asks LP to provide a brief critical review of proposal B-4603 submitted by Bjorksten Research Foundation. Explains the rating scale. Not from Levin saying it was good to see LP. [Review of Proposal B-4603 by LP 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Correspondence, 1947, 1951-1989), Box #14.029, Folder #29.4]
Letter from Phyllis Clausen, Unitarian Fellowship for Social Justice, Humboldt Chapter, to LP RE: Expresses gratitude for his statements against atomic testing and encourages him to continue so that enough voices will be heard and a change will be made. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Letter from Stella Leche Deignan, Director, Bio-Sciences Information Exchange, to LP RE: Requests that LP send a summary of the research he is currently doing with money from the Commonwealth Fund. Handwritten note in top margin states: "Not to be answered." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]

May 29 (Beverly Hills, CA)

Check from LP to Bennett Travel Agency for $1,837.50. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2] [Also filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Correspondence: from Joe Golenternek, American Jewish Physicians' Committee, [re: meeting of May 29, 1957]. [Filed under LP Biographical: (LP Scrapbooks, 1956-1960), Box #6.007, Folder #7.42]
Itinerary [handwritten]: Los Angeles; American Friends Hebrew University [Filed under LP Travel: Box #1.002, Folder #2.3]
Letter from Barry Commoner to LP, RE: Commoner gives LP some suggestions for his news statement. First, a news release should be prepared to contain the text of the Appeal and a summary of the signatures. Also, the news release should have a listing of the signers classified by city. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Benjamin Shipman to LP, RE: Shipman is sending LP a copy of a letter sent to him by Mr. Sasamori who was a member of the Japanese Government when Mr. Shipman met him. [Filed under LP Peace: (Japan Council Against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs, 1957-1965, 1991), Box #4.008, Folder #8.1]
Letter from David Halliday to LP, RE: Encloses signatures for the Appeal and suggests some people LP could contact about it. Handwritten notes indicate that several of the people listed were written, that there were 13 signatures from U. Pitt Physics Dept., that the letter was answered 23 July and labels it number 28. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Deane W. Malott, Cornell University, to LP RE: Invites LP to deliver the Messenger Lectures at Cornell during the fall of 1959. Describes the history and details of the Messenger Lectures. [Letter from LP to Malott May 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1959s3.5]
Letter from Dr. Donald F. Jones, Department of Genetics, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station to LP RE: Notifies him that he won't sign the appeal to stop bomb testing because he does not feel that the effects of radiation from bomb testing are as significant as LP feels they are. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (J: Correspondence, 1957), #192.23]
Letter from Franklin Miller to LP, RE: Encloses a copy of the Appeal signed by some of his colleagues at Kenyon College. Tells LP that 300 copies of the Appeal was made and sent out to members of SSRS and asks LP if he might be able to hold off on the release a few days to allow time to receive these. Also requests that LP keep the editor of the SSRS Newsletter informed of the number of signatures and reactions to the Appeal. Handwritten note on top right corner says "27." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Harry Grundfest to LP, RE: Returns a copy of the Appeal and explains that he only had time to see his immediate colleagues, but that several other petitions were handed out and those will be sent to LP separately. Handwritten note at top right corner "25." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Joseph E. Mayer to LP RE: Tells him that he will not sign the Appeal to stop bomb testing and explains why he disagrees with it. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 2 Folder 2.001]
Letter from LP to Gentlemen at the Registrar, Annamalai University RE: Acknowledges receiving the letter requesting he evaluate a doctoral thesis and declines on account of a trip to Europe for the summer. [Letter from Gentlemen to LP May 20, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (A: Correspondence, 1957), #12.23]
Letter from Lawrence Gensuianto to LP, RE: Encloses the 38 misplaced signatures included in the group from the National Institute of Health in Bethesda. Handwritten note near the bottom indicates that 186 signatures were collected from Bethesda. Note at top right corner labels it number 13. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from M.M. Elkind, Barbara W. Kalckar, Edward D. Kow, and Laurence Gensuian to LP, RE: Encloses 148 signatures from the National Institute of Health and informs LP that 38 statements of additional signatures were misplaced. Handwritten note on top right corner says "19." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Noel Little to LP, RE: Little is returning LP's Appeal with a few signatures. Little has interviewed almost everyone in the science department at Bowdoin College. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Norman Goldberg to LP RE: Says he will not sign the Appeal because he objects to the statement about the dangers of fallout. Handwritten note on bottom left corner, "ans'd 21 July." [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Owen Chamberlain, Department of Physics, UC Berkeley, to LP RE: Requests, in regards to a statement from LP, evidence of mutations in children increasing because of atomic testing. Handwritten note in left margin: "See National Academies Report." [Letter from LP to Dr. Chamberlain June 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Chamberlain, Owen, 1957, 1967, 1982, 1989), #64.1]
Letter from P. Delaroche, Ministère de L'Education Nationale, to LP RE: Written in French. Informs LP of the program for his time in France and confirms his travel plans. [Letter from Delaroche to LP July 4, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.27]
Letter from Paul Meier to LP, RE: Meier thinks that it is possible for him to get additional signatures for LP's Appeal. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Paul Smith to LP, RE: Smith has received LP's appeal. Smith is not sure if it is the intention to include graduate students on the statement. If they are allowed, Smith would like to add his signature. [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Valy Menkin to LP, RE: Explains that he is fully in accord with the Appeal to stop nuclear testing as long as long as people are acting as individuals. Says that he was able to get some of his colleagues to sign also, but that a few hesitated wanting to make sure the appeal was calling for an international agreement and that the US wouldn't be handicapped. They also wanted to make sure that it was an individual act with no organization behind it. Handwritten note at top, "see 8" and "39." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from William V. Consolazio, National Science Foundation to LP RE: Asks LP to provide a brief critical review of the enclosed proposals, B-4549 and B-4574 submitted by D.L. Drabkin and E. Thorogood, respectively. Explains the rating scale. [Review of Proposal B-4549 by LP 1957, Review of Proposal B-4574 by LP 1957] [Filed under LP Science: (National Science Foundation: Correspondence, 1947, 1951-1989), Box #14.029, Folder #29.4]

May 30

Letter from Art Gaston to LP, RE: Explains that he has been sick in bed for the past week and is only able to provide LP with his signature for the petition, but says that he made sure the petition was distributed to all science departments. Handwritten note on bottom left corner indicate that it was answered 21 July. Note at top right labels it number 21. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from C.B. Van Niel to LP, RE: Encloses 5 signatures for the Appeal and explains that there were also 3 foreign scientists at the Hopkins Marine Station that he didn't approach because he understood that the Appeal was to be by American scientists only. Labeled number 53. Handwritten note indicates the letter was answered in person. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Edward High to LP, RE: High is sending LP the signed Appeal of some of the American Scientists at Meharry Medical School. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Edwin A. Nehling to LP, RE: Explains that he may get a few more signatures the next day and that he will send those also if he gets them in time. Handwritten note middle left side, "40 signatures." Handwritten note at top labels it number 41. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Maurice Visscher to LP, RE: Visscher is enclosing LP's Appeal with some signatures, with more time Visscher would be able to obtain more signers. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Otto Stern to LP RE: Says that he does not feel qualified to express an opinion about the nuclear bomb testing and that if he were to sign the petition it would only be out of his very high regard for LP and not his own individual opinion. Tells LP that he is circulating the blank petition nonetheless. Handwritten note indicates that the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Walter Bonner to LP RE: Encloses his signature for the petition, and discusses why he thinks he wasn't able to get more than his own. Labeled number 6. Handwritten note on bottom left indicates the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Ward Orgman to LP, RE: Apologizes for the low number of signatures he was able to collect and explains some of the difficulties he had collecting them. Handwritten notes at top say "ans'd" and "14." [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Receipt from Colby Nurseries to LP for $2.81. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Check Registers, 1957-1962), Box #4.076, Folder #76.1]
Telegram from Igor Bestuzhev, Radio Moscow, to LP RE: Requests an opinion for a forum in June on prohibiting nuclear tests. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (B: Correspondence, 1957), #38.3]
Telegram from Lubomir Fiser, Group of Journalists of Czechoslovak News Agency Prague to LP RE: Informs him that they are trying to make the public aware of the dangers of radiation by asking scientists around the world questions about radioactive dust. Requests that he participate. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1957), #313.5]

May 31

Check from AHP to Dr. Richard Lippman for $13.50. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Check from LP to Linda Pauling for $100.00. [Filed under LP Biographical: (Business and Financial: Bank Statements and Canceled Checks, February 1956-December 1957), Box #4.024, Folder #24.2]
Contract Status Report: Contract N6onr-24423, Chemistry 25, Acct. 23607, Directors of Research: LP and Dr. Verner Schomaker, May 31, 1957. [Filed under LP Science: (Office of Naval Research: Correspondence, Contract Status Reports and Project Status Reports, 1947-1962), Box #14.031, Folder #31.9]
Letter from Dr. Julian Love, Director, School of Postgraduate Medicine, City of Hope Medical Center to LP RE: Invites him to give a lecture in November on the "Genetics of Hemoglobins" during an upcoming class on Hematology that the school of postgraduate medicine is planning. [Letter from LP to Dr. Love June 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (L: Correspondence, 1957), #231.3]
Letter from Dr. R. Podolsky Naval Medical Research Institute RE: Comments on his recent lecture on the structure of liquid water, given at the National Institutes of Health and explains that he is in the middle of conducting research on transport processes in ionic solutions. Outlines what he has found so far. Asks where he can learn more about the shell model of liquids. [Letter from LP to Dr. Podolsky June 11, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1957), #313.5]
Letter from Ernest Eliel to LP, RE: Eliel regrets that he can not sign LP's appeal because he considers it to be unfortunately worded. Eliel does not feel that as a scientist he can put his name on a statement of fact unless he is sure it is a statement of the facts as they are. Eliel wants to assure LP that he does agree with the rest of the statement. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from Gregor Wentzel to LP RE: Says that as a scientist he cannot sign the Appeal due to lack of knowledge in the area. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from James A. Shannon, National Institutes of Health, to LP RE: Mentions that they have recorded LP's speech on tape and would like to know his thoughts on publishing a transcribed and edited version, because Public Health Reports is interested in using the manuscript in an early issue. [Letter from Shannon to LP May 9, 1957, Letter from LP to Shannon June 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.17]
Letter from LP to Barry Commoner, Washington University, RE: Asks if it would be possible for a copy of the tape recording of LP's talk be sent to him. Mentions that he will pay for the copy and thinks it would be an interesting item to add to his archives. [Letter from LP to Commoner May 8, 1957] [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.19]
Letter from LP to Charles Sadron, Centre de Recherces sur les Macromolecules, RE: Suggests that his lecture be on the subject La Structure des Proteines, which would be a review of the work that Professor Corey and LP have carried out during recent years. [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.27]
Letter from LP to Dr. Lindsay Helmholz, Department of Chemistry, Washington University. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Helmholz, Lindsay, 1937-1939, 1941, 1947-1948, 1952, 1956-1958, 1961, 1964, 1978), #156.2]

31 May 1957

Prof. Lindsay Helmholz

Department of Chemistry

Washington University

Saint Louis, Missouri

Dear Lindsay:

Thank you for your letter, and the clipping from the student paper, which I am glad to have.

It is encouraging that there has been so much public discussion of radiation during the last week or two. I was surprised to see a long article, by an editorial writer, in this morning's Los Angeles Times, in which there was considerable support of the proposal that bomb tests be stopped. I had thought that the Los Angeles Times would never take this stand.

Ava Helen and I were really pleased to be with you. Our only disappointment was in not seeing more of your children.

With best regards, I am

Sincerely yours,

Linus Pauling :W

Letter from LP to Helen Bullock, The Dallas Morning News, RE: Thanks her for sending him two glossy photos taken by Clint Grant when he was interviewed in the Medical School in Dallas. Also mentions that he enjoyed their report. [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.20]

Letter from LP to Le Recteur de l'Academie de Toulouse RE: Accepts the invitation to have luncheon with the Council of the University and then receive the designations of the degree of Docteur Honoris Causa on June 21. [Filed under LP Speeches: 1957s.23]

Letter from LP to Maxwell Stewart, RE: LP thinks that it is very important to make a pamphlet about the hazards of radiation. LP also thinks that the pamphlet would help to clarify the disagreements about the biological effects of radiation. LP is not able to take on the job of preparing the pamphlet because he is leaving soon for a trip to Europe. LP suggests that Dr. Lapp might be able to collaborate on the pamphlet along with Dr. Schubert. [Stewart's letter May 32, 1957] [Stewart's reply June 4, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (Materials, re: Fallout and Radiation Shelters, and Civil Defense, 1954-1961), Box #7.007, Folder #7.1]
Letter from M. Kent Wilson to LP, RE: Encloses a copy of the Appeal LP recently sent him. Explains that he sent a copy to the Physics and Biology Department with the request they send them directly to LP. Says that he has mixed feelings about signing the Appeal, but that he signed it despite his doubts. Labeled number 56. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Maurice V. Kates to LP RE: Notifies him that he is a technical representative for a chemical manufacturer and deals with different chemicals in fields such as cosmetic and pharmaceutical but would like to use his spare time to work with a company that manufacturers chemicals of special interest to those fields. Requests help in connecting him with a company that might fit this description. [Letter from LP to Mr. Kates June 12, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (K: Correspondence, 1957), #201.1]
Letter from Oliver & Boyd Ltd to LP RE: Requests permission to use an illustration of the Structure of Proteins from the Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences in the book The Origin of Life on the Earth, Third Edition, by Oparin. [Letter from LP to Oliver & Boyd Ltd June 6, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Oparin, Aleksandr Ivanovich, 1956-1959, 1964, 1967-1970, 1972), #295.7]
Letter from Professor Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Collège de France to LP RE: Invites him to present a speech in French during his visit to Paris. Mentions putting on a reception for him. Letter in French. [Letter from LP to Professor Joliot-Curie June 11, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (Joliot-Curie, Frédéric, 1950-1952, 1954-1955, 1957-1958), #190.3]
Letter from R.W. Gerard to LP RE: Says that he does not feel he could sign the Appeal as a scientist because he does not feel that there is much danger from radioactive fallout. Explains that as a citizen he might have signed, however. Handwritten note indicates that the letter was answered. [Filed under LP Safe Contents: Drawer 2, Folder 2.001]
Letter from Samuel D. Marble to LP, RE: Explains that he isn't a scientist, but would like to have his name added to the petition if LP sees any merit in it. Handwritten notes indicate that his signature was not used because he isn't a scientist and that no other signatures were sent. Also labels it number 37. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Valy Menkin to LP, RE: Encloses more signatures for the Appeal by American Scientists. Handwritten notes at top, "See 8" and "40." Handwritten note near bottom indicates that the letter was answered 21 July. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Victor Paschkis to LP, RE: Encloses the Appeal with his signature and hopefully a few of his colleagues. Explains that he didn't have enough time to solicit signatures and suggests a delay in publication to allow more signatures to come in. Labeled number 60. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]
Letter from Wilfrid Mann to LP, RE: Mann does not feel that he can sign LP's Appeal nor can he ask his friends and colleagues to do so. Mann does not think that the appeal is sufficient and that it might do more harm than good. Mann believes that by asking for a ban on all nuclear bomb testing as a first step to disarmament that LP's sights are set so high as to insure rejection of the proposal. [LP's reply December 1, 1957] [Filed under LP Peace: (An Appeal by Scientists to the Governments and People of the World, 1957-1959), Box #5.002, Folder #2.1]
Letter from William A. Benjamin, Editor, College Department, McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc to Dr. Martin Karplus, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, cc: LP RE: Regrets that the work on his manuscript of the second edition of Introduction to Quantum Mechanics is not on schedule. Explains that the company is still prepared to publish it in 1958 so requests that he finish the manuscript by December, January at the latest. [Filed under LP Books: Unpb.7]
Note from Alfred G. Knudson Jr., City of Hope RE: Encloses tentative program for a symposium on hereditary diseases at the City of Hope Medical Center, with a list of tentative speakers including LP. Handwritten note in bottom left margin: "Elliott 8-4521." Includes copy of schedule with handwritten notes on it indicating what each speaker is addressing and that LP promised to go to a session. [Filed under LP Correspondence: (City of Hope Medical Center, 1955-9158), #70.9]
Note from Mrs. P. Cammer to LP RE: Thanks him for his stance against atomic testing, expresses her support for the petition, and encloses one dollar to help with his work. [Letter from LP to Mrs. Cammer June 5, 1957] [Filed under LP Correspondence: (C: Correspondence, 1957), #74.25]
Telegram from Polskie Radio to LP RE: Requests a statement from him regarding the "possibility and necessity" of an international agreement by cities around the world to ban nuclear weapons tests, which the Municipal Councils of Warsaw and Hiroshima are supporting as the "first step to the abolition of weapons of mass annihilation." [Filed under LP Correspondence: (P: Correspondence, 1957), #313.5]
Telegram from R.S. Rochlin to LP, RE: Explains that he only received LP's appeal letters the 29th and that he will be sending 14 signatures that day. Labeled number 47. [Filed under LP Safe Contents, Drawer 3 Folder 3.004]